diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index c43873db812..9953fa4a21c 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 ### Fixes
 
 - Google Meet: refresh realtime browser state during status and retry delayed speech after Meet finishes joining, so a just-opened in-call tab no longer leaves speech stuck behind stale `not-in-call` health.
+- Plugins/install: recover the install ledger from the managed npm root when `plugins/installs.json` is empty or partial, so reinstalling Discord and Codex no longer makes the other installed plugin disappear.
 - Google Meet: grant Meet media permissions through the Playwright browser context when CDP grants do not affect the attached Chrome page, and report in-call microphone/speaker permission problems instead of marking realtime speech ready.
 - Tlon: expose `groupInviteAllowlist` in the channel config schema and clarify that group invite auto-accept fails closed without an invite allowlist. Thanks @vincentkoc.
 - Google Chat: update the setup example to use the accepted `groups.<space>.enabled` key instead of the legacy `allow` alias, with a schema regression for the documented group shape. Thanks @vincentkoc.
diff --git a/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index-record-reader.ts b/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index-record-reader.ts
index 58096ed8d4e..c2de72d7035 100644
--- a/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index-record-reader.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index-record-reader.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+import fs from "node:fs";
+import path from "node:path";
 import type { PluginInstallRecord } from "../config/types.plugins.js";
 import { readJsonFile, readJsonFileSync } from "../infra/json-files.js";
+import { resolveDefaultPluginNpmDir, validatePluginId } from "./install-paths.js";
 import {
   resolveInstalledPluginIndexStorePath,
   type InstalledPluginIndexStoreOptions,
@@ -30,6 +33,111 @@ function readRecordMap(value: unknown): Record<string, PluginInstallRecord> | nu
   return records;
 }
 
+function readJsonObjectFileSync(filePath: string): Record<string, unknown> | null {
+  try {
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(filePath, "utf8")) as unknown;
+    return isRecord(parsed) ? parsed : null;
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+function readStringRecord(value: unknown): Record<string, string> {
+  if (!isRecord(value)) {
+    return {};
+  }
+  const record: Record<string, string> = {};
+  for (const [key, raw] of Object.entries(value).toSorted(([left], [right]) =>
+    left.localeCompare(right),
+  )) {
+    if (typeof raw === "string" && raw.trim()) {
+      record[key] = raw.trim();
+    }
+  }
+  return record;
+}
+
+function hasPackagePluginMetadata(manifest: Record<string, unknown>): boolean {
+  const openclaw = manifest.openclaw;
+  if (!isRecord(openclaw)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const extensions = openclaw.extensions;
+  return Array.isArray(extensions) && extensions.some((entry) => typeof entry === "string");
+}
+
+function readManifestPluginId(packageDir: string): string | undefined {
+  const manifest = readJsonObjectFileSync(path.join(packageDir, "openclaw.plugin.json"));
+  const id = typeof manifest?.id === "string" ? manifest.id.trim() : "";
+  return id || undefined;
+}
+
+function resolveRecoveredManagedNpmPluginId(params: {
+  packageName: string;
+  packageDir: string;
+}): string | undefined {
+  const packageManifest = readJsonObjectFileSync(path.join(params.packageDir, "package.json"));
+  if (!packageManifest || !hasPackagePluginMetadata(packageManifest)) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  const packageName =
+    typeof packageManifest.name === "string" && packageManifest.name.trim()
+      ? packageManifest.name.trim()
+      : params.packageName;
+  const pluginId = readManifestPluginId(params.packageDir) ?? packageName;
+  return validatePluginId(pluginId) ? undefined : pluginId;
+}
+
+function buildRecoveredManagedNpmInstallRecords(
+  options: InstalledPluginIndexStoreOptions = {},
+): Record<string, PluginInstallRecord> {
+  const npmRoot = options.stateDir
+    ? path.join(options.stateDir, "npm")
+    : resolveDefaultPluginNpmDir(options.env);
+  const rootManifest = readJsonObjectFileSync(path.join(npmRoot, "package.json"));
+  const dependencies = readStringRecord(rootManifest?.dependencies);
+  const records: Record<string, PluginInstallRecord> = {};
+  for (const [packageName, dependencySpec] of Object.entries(dependencies)) {
+    const packageDir = path.join(npmRoot, "node_modules", packageName);
+    let stat: fs.Stats;
+    try {
+      stat = fs.statSync(packageDir);
+    } catch {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (!stat.isDirectory()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const pluginId = resolveRecoveredManagedNpmPluginId({ packageName, packageDir });
+    if (!pluginId) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const packageManifest = readJsonObjectFileSync(path.join(packageDir, "package.json"));
+    const version =
+      typeof packageManifest?.version === "string" && packageManifest.version.trim()
+        ? packageManifest.version.trim()
+        : undefined;
+    records[pluginId] = {
+      source: "npm",
+      spec: `${packageName}@${dependencySpec}`,
+      installPath: packageDir,
+      ...(version ? { version, resolvedName: packageName, resolvedVersion: version } : {}),
+      ...(version ? { resolvedSpec: `${packageName}@${version}` } : {}),
+    };
+  }
+  return records;
+}
+
+function mergeRecoveredManagedNpmInstallRecords(
+  persisted: Record<string, PluginInstallRecord> | null,
+  options: InstalledPluginIndexStoreOptions,
+): Record<string, PluginInstallRecord> {
+  return {
+    ...buildRecoveredManagedNpmInstallRecords(options),
+    ...persisted,
+  };
+}
+
 function extractPluginInstallRecordsFromPersistedInstalledPluginIndex(
   index: unknown,
 ): Record<string, PluginInstallRecord> | null {
@@ -66,11 +174,21 @@ export function readPersistedInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecordsSync(
 export async function loadInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecords(
   params: InstalledPluginIndexStoreOptions = {},
 ): Promise<Record<string, PluginInstallRecord>> {
-  return cloneInstallRecords((await readPersistedInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecords(params)) ?? {});
+  return cloneInstallRecords(
+    mergeRecoveredManagedNpmInstallRecords(
+      await readPersistedInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecords(params),
+      params,
+    ),
+  );
 }
 
 export function loadInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecordsSync(
   params: InstalledPluginIndexStoreOptions = {},
 ): Record<string, PluginInstallRecord> {
-  return cloneInstallRecords(readPersistedInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecordsSync(params) ?? {});
+  return cloneInstallRecords(
+    mergeRecoveredManagedNpmInstallRecords(
+      readPersistedInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecordsSync(params),
+      params,
+    ),
+  );
 }
diff --git a/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index-records.test.ts b/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index-records.test.ts
index 44f87d9e06e..666d56b4657 100644
--- a/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index-records.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/installed-plugin-index-records.test.ts
@@ -44,6 +44,61 @@ function createPluginCandidate(stateDir: string, pluginId: string): PluginCandid
   };
 }
 
+function writeManagedNpmPlugin(params: {
+  stateDir: string;
+  packageName: string;
+  pluginId: string;
+  version: string;
+  dependencySpec?: string;
+}): string {
+  const npmRoot = path.join(params.stateDir, "npm");
+  const rootManifestPath = path.join(npmRoot, "package.json");
+  fs.mkdirSync(npmRoot, { recursive: true });
+  const rootManifest = fs.existsSync(rootManifestPath)
+    ? (JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(rootManifestPath, "utf8")) as {
+        dependencies?: Record<string, string>;
+      })
+    : {};
+  fs.writeFileSync(
+    rootManifestPath,
+    JSON.stringify(
+      {
+        ...rootManifest,
+        private: true,
+        dependencies: {
+          ...rootManifest.dependencies,
+          [params.packageName]: params.dependencySpec ?? params.version,
+        },
+      },
+      null,
+      2,
+    ),
+    "utf8",
+  );
+
+  const packageDir = path.join(npmRoot, "node_modules", params.packageName);
+  fs.mkdirSync(path.join(packageDir, "dist"), { recursive: true });
+  fs.writeFileSync(
+    path.join(packageDir, "package.json"),
+    JSON.stringify({
+      name: params.packageName,
+      version: params.version,
+      openclaw: { extensions: ["./dist/index.js"] },
+    }),
+    "utf8",
+  );
+  fs.writeFileSync(
+    path.join(packageDir, "openclaw.plugin.json"),
+    JSON.stringify({
+      id: params.pluginId,
+      configSchema: { type: "object" },
+    }),
+    "utf8",
+  );
+  fs.writeFileSync(path.join(packageDir, "dist", "index.js"), "export {};\n", "utf8");
+  return packageDir;
+}
+
 afterEach(() => {
   for (const dir of tempDirs.splice(0)) {
     fs.rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
@@ -164,6 +219,87 @@ describe("plugin index install records store", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  it("recovers managed npm plugin records when the persisted ledger is empty", async () => {
+    const stateDir = makeStateDir();
+    const discordDir = writeManagedNpmPlugin({
+      stateDir,
+      packageName: "@openclaw/discord",
+      pluginId: "discord",
+      version: "2026.5.2",
+    });
+    const codexDir = writeManagedNpmPlugin({
+      stateDir,
+      packageName: "@openclaw/codex",
+      pluginId: "codex",
+      version: "2026.5.2",
+    });
+    const indexPath = resolveInstalledPluginIndexRecordsStorePath({ stateDir });
+    fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(indexPath), { recursive: true });
+    fs.writeFileSync(indexPath, JSON.stringify({ installRecords: {}, plugins: [] }), "utf8");
+
+    await expect(loadInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecords({ stateDir })).resolves.toMatchObject({
+      codex: {
+        source: "npm",
+        spec: "@openclaw/codex@2026.5.2",
+        installPath: codexDir,
+        version: "2026.5.2",
+        resolvedName: "@openclaw/codex",
+        resolvedVersion: "2026.5.2",
+        resolvedSpec: "@openclaw/codex@2026.5.2",
+      },
+      discord: {
+        source: "npm",
+        spec: "@openclaw/discord@2026.5.2",
+        installPath: discordDir,
+        version: "2026.5.2",
+        resolvedName: "@openclaw/discord",
+        resolvedVersion: "2026.5.2",
+        resolvedSpec: "@openclaw/discord@2026.5.2",
+      },
+    });
+    expect(loadInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecordsSync({ stateDir })).toMatchObject({
+      codex: {
+        source: "npm",
+        installPath: codexDir,
+      },
+      discord: {
+        source: "npm",
+        installPath: discordDir,
+      },
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("keeps persisted install record metadata over recovered npm records", async () => {
+    const stateDir = makeStateDir();
+    writeManagedNpmPlugin({
+      stateDir,
+      packageName: "@openclaw/discord",
+      pluginId: "discord",
+      version: "2026.5.2",
+    });
+    const candidate = createPluginCandidate(stateDir, "discord");
+    await writePersistedInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecords(
+      {
+        discord: {
+          source: "npm",
+          spec: "@openclaw/discord@beta",
+          installPath: path.join(stateDir, "custom", "discord"),
+          integrity: "sha512-persisted",
+        },
+      },
+      { stateDir, candidates: [candidate] },
+    );
+
+    await expect(loadInstalledPluginIndexInstallRecords({ stateDir })).resolves.toMatchObject({
+      discord: {
+        source: "npm",
+        spec: "@openclaw/discord@beta",
+        installPath: path.join(stateDir, "custom", "discord"),
+        integrity: "sha512-persisted",
+      },
+    });
+  });
+
   it("preserves git install resolution fields in persisted records", async () => {
     const stateDir = makeStateDir();
     const candidate = createPluginCandidate(stateDir, "git-demo");