diff --git a/src/plugin-sdk/root-alias.cjs b/src/plugin-sdk/root-alias.cjs
index 7c4375c3324..d94e21f2282 100644
--- a/src/plugin-sdk/root-alias.cjs
+++ b/src/plugin-sdk/root-alias.cjs
@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ let monolithicSdk = null;
 let diagnosticEventsModule = null;
 const jitiLoaders = new Map();
 const pluginSdkSubpathsCache = new Map();
+const isDistRootAlias = __filename.includes(
+  `${path.sep}dist${path.sep}plugin-sdk${path.sep}root-alias.cjs`,
+);
 const shouldPreferSourceInTests =
-  process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST === "1"
-    ? false
-    : Boolean(process.env.VITEST) ||
-      process.env.NODE_ENV === "test" ||
-      process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_SOURCE_IN_TESTS === "1";
+  !isDistRootAlias &&
+  (Boolean(process.env.VITEST) ||
+    process.env.NODE_ENV === "test" ||
+    process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_SOURCE_IN_TESTS === "1");
 
 function emptyPluginConfigSchema() {
   function error(message) {
diff --git a/src/plugins/bundled-capability-runtime.ts b/src/plugins/bundled-capability-runtime.ts
index a0e70df6cbc..110c5c07dc9 100644
--- a/src/plugins/bundled-capability-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/bundled-capability-runtime.ts
@@ -25,11 +25,13 @@ export function buildBundledCapabilityRuntimeConfig(
 export function loadBundledCapabilityRuntimeRegistry(params: {
   pluginIds: readonly string[];
   env?: PluginLoadOptions["env"];
+  pluginSdkResolution?: PluginLoadOptions["pluginSdkResolution"];
 }) {
   return loadOpenClawPlugins({
     config: buildBundledCapabilityRuntimeConfig(params.pluginIds, params.env),
     env: params.env,
     onlyPluginIds: [...params.pluginIds],
+    pluginSdkResolution: params.pluginSdkResolution,
     cache: false,
     activate: false,
     logger: {
diff --git a/src/plugins/cli.browser-plugin.integration.test.ts b/src/plugins/cli.browser-plugin.integration.test.ts
index fb23b2bad87..cd9eafb2c78 100644
--- a/src/plugins/cli.browser-plugin.integration.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/cli.browser-plugin.integration.test.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
 import { Command } from "commander";
-import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import { registerPluginCliCommands } from "./cli.js";
 import { clearPluginLoaderCache } from "./loader.js";
 import { clearPluginManifestRegistryCache } from "./manifest-registry.js";
 import { resetPluginRuntimeStateForTest } from "./runtime.js";
 
-const previousPreferDistPluginSdk = process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST;
-process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST = "1";
-
 function resetPluginState() {
   clearPluginLoaderCache();
   clearPluginManifestRegistryCache();
@@ -24,37 +21,39 @@ describe("registerPluginCliCommands browser plugin integration", () => {
     resetPluginState();
   });
 
-  afterAll(() => {
-    if (previousPreferDistPluginSdk === undefined) {
-      delete process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST;
-    } else {
-      process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST = previousPreferDistPluginSdk;
-    }
-  });
-
   it("registers the browser command from the bundled browser plugin", () => {
     const program = new Command();
-    registerPluginCliCommands(program, {
-      plugins: {
-        allow: ["browser"],
-      },
-    } as OpenClawConfig);
+    registerPluginCliCommands(
+      program,
+      {
+        plugins: {
+          allow: ["browser"],
+        },
+      } as OpenClawConfig,
+      undefined,
+      { pluginSdkResolution: "dist" },
+    );
 
     expect(program.commands.map((command) => command.name())).toContain("browser");
   });
 
   it("omits the browser command when the bundled browser plugin is disabled", () => {
     const program = new Command();
-    registerPluginCliCommands(program, {
-      plugins: {
-        allow: ["browser"],
-        entries: {
-          browser: {
-            enabled: false,
+    registerPluginCliCommands(
+      program,
+      {
+        plugins: {
+          allow: ["browser"],
+          entries: {
+            browser: {
+              enabled: false,
+            },
           },
         },
-      },
-    } as OpenClawConfig);
+      } as OpenClawConfig,
+      undefined,
+      { pluginSdkResolution: "dist" },
+    );
 
     expect(program.commands.map((command) => command.name())).not.toContain("browser");
   });
diff --git a/src/plugins/cli.ts b/src/plugins/cli.ts
index 414a3657e6a..24b91afc392 100644
--- a/src/plugins/cli.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/cli.ts
@@ -3,13 +3,17 @@ import { resolveAgentWorkspaceDir, resolveDefaultAgentId } from "../agents/agent
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import { loadConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import { createSubsystemLogger } from "../logging/subsystem.js";
-import { loadOpenClawPlugins } from "./loader.js";
+import { loadOpenClawPlugins, type PluginLoadOptions } from "./loader.js";
 import type { OpenClawPluginCliCommandDescriptor } from "./types.js";
 import type { PluginLogger } from "./types.js";
 
 const log = createSubsystemLogger("plugins");
 
-function loadPluginCliRegistry(cfg?: OpenClawConfig, env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv) {
+function loadPluginCliRegistry(
+  cfg?: OpenClawConfig,
+  env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv,
+  loaderOptions?: Pick<PluginLoadOptions, "pluginSdkResolution">,
+) {
   const config = cfg ?? loadConfig();
   const workspaceDir = resolveAgentWorkspaceDir(config, resolveDefaultAgentId(config));
   const logger: PluginLogger = {
@@ -27,6 +31,7 @@ function loadPluginCliRegistry(cfg?: OpenClawConfig, env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv) {
       workspaceDir,
       env,
       logger,
+      ...loaderOptions,
     }),
   };
 }
@@ -58,8 +63,9 @@ export function registerPluginCliCommands(
   program: Command,
   cfg?: OpenClawConfig,
   env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv,
+  loaderOptions?: Pick<PluginLoadOptions, "pluginSdkResolution">,
 ) {
-  const { config, workspaceDir, logger, registry } = loadPluginCliRegistry(cfg, env);
+  const { config, workspaceDir, logger, registry } = loadPluginCliRegistry(cfg, env, loaderOptions);
 
   const existingCommands = new Set(program.commands.map((cmd) => cmd.name()));
 
diff --git a/src/plugins/contracts/provider.contract.test.ts b/src/plugins/contracts/provider.contract.test.ts
index 803ab030560..db5ce6e3c03 100644
--- a/src/plugins/contracts/provider.contract.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/contracts/provider.contract.test.ts
@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
-import { afterAll, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
-
-const previousPreferDistPluginSdk = process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST;
-process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST = "1";
-
-const { providerContractLoadError, providerContractRegistry } = await import("./registry.js");
-const { installProviderPluginContractSuite } = await import("./suites.js");
-
-afterAll(() => {
-  if (previousPreferDistPluginSdk === undefined) {
-    delete process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST;
-  } else {
-    process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST = previousPreferDistPluginSdk;
-  }
-});
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { providerContractLoadError, providerContractRegistry } from "./registry.js";
+import { installProviderPluginContractSuite } from "./suites.js";
 
 describe("provider contract registry load", () => {
   it("loads bundled providers without import-time registry failure", () => {
diff --git a/src/plugins/contracts/registry.ts b/src/plugins/contracts/registry.ts
index ec872a5e158..d325a3b8bc8 100644
--- a/src/plugins/contracts/registry.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/contracts/registry.ts
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ function loadProviderContractEntriesForPluginId(pluginId: string): ProviderContr
       bundledProviderAllowlistCompat: true,
       bundledProviderVitestCompat: true,
       onlyPluginIds: [pluginId],
+      pluginSdkResolution: "dist",
       cache: false,
       activate: false,
     }).map((provider) => ({
@@ -186,6 +187,7 @@ function loadWebSearchProviderContractRegistry(): WebSearchProviderContractEntry
   if (!webSearchProviderContractRegistryCache) {
     const registry = loadBundledCapabilityRuntimeRegistry({
       pluginIds: BUNDLED_WEB_SEARCH_PLUGIN_IDS,
+      pluginSdkResolution: "dist",
     });
     webSearchProviderContractRegistryCache = registry.webSearchProviders.map((entry) => ({
       pluginId: entry.pluginId,
diff --git a/src/plugins/contracts/web-search-provider.contract.test.ts b/src/plugins/contracts/web-search-provider.contract.test.ts
index 582608d9676..ca51d97862e 100644
--- a/src/plugins/contracts/web-search-provider.contract.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/contracts/web-search-provider.contract.test.ts
@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
-import { afterAll, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
-
-const previousPreferDistPluginSdk = process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST;
-process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST = "1";
-
-const { webSearchProviderContractRegistry } = await import("./registry.js");
-const { installWebSearchProviderContractSuite } = await import("./suites.js");
-
-afterAll(() => {
-  if (previousPreferDistPluginSdk === undefined) {
-    delete process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST;
-  } else {
-    process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST = previousPreferDistPluginSdk;
-  }
-});
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { webSearchProviderContractRegistry } from "./registry.js";
+import { installWebSearchProviderContractSuite } from "./suites.js";
 
 describe("web search provider contract registry load", () => {
   it("loads bundled web search providers", () => {
diff --git a/src/plugins/loader.test.ts b/src/plugins/loader.test.ts
index 9064a6f4373..48ea86566a3 100644
--- a/src/plugins/loader.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/loader.test.ts
@@ -54,8 +54,6 @@ function mkdirSafe(dir: string) {
 const fixtureRoot = mkdtempSafe(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-plugin-"));
 let tempDirIndex = 0;
 const prevBundledDir = process.env.OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGINS_DIR;
-const prevPreferDistPluginSdk = process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST;
-process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST = "1";
 const EMPTY_PLUGIN_SCHEMA = { type: "object", additionalProperties: false, properties: {} };
 let cachedBundledTelegramDir = "";
 let cachedBundledMemoryDir = "";
@@ -723,11 +721,6 @@ afterAll(() => {
   } finally {
     cachedBundledTelegramDir = "";
     cachedBundledMemoryDir = "";
-    if (prevPreferDistPluginSdk === undefined) {
-      delete process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST;
-    } else {
-      process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST = prevPreferDistPluginSdk;
-    }
   }
 });
 
@@ -1053,6 +1046,7 @@ module.exports = { id: "skipped-scoped-only", register() { throw new Error("skip
     const scoped = loadOpenClawPlugins({
       cache: false,
       activate: false,
+      pluginSdkResolution: "dist",
       config: {
         plugins: {
           enabled: true,
diff --git a/src/plugins/loader.ts b/src/plugins/loader.ts
index 531ac6d5be7..5e881b4c4aa 100644
--- a/src/plugins/loader.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/loader.ts
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ import {
   buildPluginLoaderJitiOptions,
   listPluginSdkAliasCandidates,
   listPluginSdkExportedSubpaths,
+  type PluginSdkResolutionPreference,
   resolveExtensionApiAlias,
   resolvePluginSdkAliasCandidateOrder,
   resolvePluginSdkAliasFile,
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ export type PluginLoadOptions = {
   logger?: PluginLogger;
   coreGatewayHandlers?: Record<string, GatewayRequestHandler>;
   runtimeOptions?: CreatePluginRuntimeOptions;
+  pluginSdkResolution?: PluginSdkResolutionPreference;
   cache?: boolean;
   mode?: "full" | "validate";
   onlyPluginIds?: string[];
@@ -195,6 +197,7 @@ function buildCacheKey(params: {
   includeSetupOnlyChannelPlugins?: boolean;
   preferSetupRuntimeForChannelPlugins?: boolean;
   runtimeSubagentMode?: "default" | "explicit" | "gateway-bindable";
+  pluginSdkResolution?: PluginSdkResolutionPreference;
 }): string {
   const { roots, loadPaths } = resolvePluginCacheInputs({
     workspaceDir: params.workspaceDir,
@@ -225,7 +228,7 @@ function buildCacheKey(params: {
     ...params.plugins,
     installs,
     loadPaths,
-  })}::${scopeKey}::${setupOnlyKey}::${startupChannelMode}::${params.runtimeSubagentMode ?? "default"}`;
+  })}::${scopeKey}::${setupOnlyKey}::${startupChannelMode}::${params.runtimeSubagentMode ?? "default"}::${params.pluginSdkResolution ?? "auto"}`;
 }
 
 function normalizeScopedPluginIds(ids?: string[]): string[] | undefined {
@@ -714,6 +717,7 @@ export function loadOpenClawPlugins(options: PluginLoadOptions = {}): PluginRegi
         : options.runtimeOptions?.subagent
           ? "explicit"
           : "default",
+    pluginSdkResolution: options.pluginSdkResolution,
   });
   const cacheEnabled = options.cache !== false;
   if (cacheEnabled) {
@@ -746,7 +750,12 @@ export function loadOpenClawPlugins(options: PluginLoadOptions = {}): PluginRegi
     const tryNative = shouldPreferNativeJiti(modulePath);
     // Pass loader's moduleUrl so the openclaw root can always be resolved even when
     // loading external plugins from outside the installation directory (e.g. ~/.openclaw/extensions/).
-    const aliasMap = buildPluginLoaderAliasMap(modulePath, process.argv[1], import.meta.url);
+    const aliasMap = buildPluginLoaderAliasMap(
+      modulePath,
+      process.argv[1],
+      import.meta.url,
+      options.pluginSdkResolution,
+    );
     const cacheKey = JSON.stringify({
       tryNative,
       aliasMap: Object.entries(aliasMap).toSorted(([left], [right]) => left.localeCompare(right)),
@@ -775,7 +784,9 @@ export function loadOpenClawPlugins(options: PluginLoadOptions = {}): PluginRegi
     if (createPluginRuntimeFactory) {
       return createPluginRuntimeFactory;
     }
-    const runtimeModulePath = resolvePluginRuntimeModulePath();
+    const runtimeModulePath = resolvePluginRuntimeModulePath({
+      pluginSdkResolution: options.pluginSdkResolution,
+    });
     if (!runtimeModulePath) {
       throw new Error("Unable to resolve plugin runtime module");
     }
diff --git a/src/plugins/providers.runtime.ts b/src/plugins/providers.runtime.ts
index 7b46b6221f4..4658274039d 100644
--- a/src/plugins/providers.runtime.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/providers.runtime.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ export function resolvePluginProviders(params: {
   onlyPluginIds?: string[];
   activate?: boolean;
   cache?: boolean;
+  pluginSdkResolution?: PluginLoadOptions["pluginSdkResolution"];
 }): ProviderPlugin[] {
   const env = params.env ?? process.env;
   const bundledProviderCompatPluginIds =
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ export function resolvePluginProviders(params: {
     workspaceDir: params.workspaceDir,
     env,
     onlyPluginIds: params.onlyPluginIds,
+    pluginSdkResolution: params.pluginSdkResolution,
     cache: params.cache ?? false,
     activate: params.activate ?? false,
     logger: createPluginLoaderLogger(log),
diff --git a/src/plugins/sdk-alias.test.ts b/src/plugins/sdk-alias.test.ts
index af43354c4a6..575f9e7a5c5 100644
--- a/src/plugins/sdk-alias.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/sdk-alias.test.ts
@@ -469,6 +469,34 @@ describe("plugin sdk alias helpers", () => {
     );
   });
 
+  it("applies explicit dist resolution to plugin-sdk subpath aliases too", () => {
+    const fixture = createPluginSdkAliasFixture({
+      srcFile: "channel-runtime.ts",
+      distFile: "channel-runtime.js",
+      packageExports: {
+        "./plugin-sdk/channel-runtime": { default: "./dist/plugin-sdk/channel-runtime.js" },
+      },
+    });
+    const sourceRootAlias = path.join(fixture.root, "src", "plugin-sdk", "root-alias.cjs");
+    const distRootAlias = path.join(fixture.root, "dist", "plugin-sdk", "root-alias.cjs");
+    fs.writeFileSync(sourceRootAlias, "module.exports = {};\n", "utf-8");
+    fs.writeFileSync(distRootAlias, "module.exports = {};\n", "utf-8");
+    const sourcePluginEntry = path.join(fixture.root, "extensions", "demo", "src", "index.ts");
+    fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(sourcePluginEntry), { recursive: true });
+    fs.writeFileSync(sourcePluginEntry, 'export const plugin = "demo";\n', "utf-8");
+
+    const distAliases = withEnv({ NODE_ENV: undefined }, () =>
+      buildPluginLoaderAliasMap(sourcePluginEntry, undefined, undefined, "dist"),
+    );
+
+    expect(fs.realpathSync(distAliases["openclaw/plugin-sdk"] ?? "")).toBe(
+      fs.realpathSync(distRootAlias),
+    );
+    expect(fs.realpathSync(distAliases["openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-runtime"] ?? "")).toBe(
+      fs.realpathSync(path.join(fixture.root, "dist", "plugin-sdk", "channel-runtime.js")),
+    );
+  });
+
   it("resolves plugin-sdk aliases for user-installed plugins via the running openclaw argv hint", () => {
     const { externalPluginEntry, externalPluginRoot, fixture, sourceRootAlias } =
       createUserInstalledPluginSdkAliasFixture();
diff --git a/src/plugins/sdk-alias.ts b/src/plugins/sdk-alias.ts
index 1b9475984a8..fbeb3538063 100644
--- a/src/plugins/sdk-alias.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/sdk-alias.ts
@@ -4,12 +4,14 @@ import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
 import { resolveOpenClawPackageRootSync } from "../infra/openclaw-root.js";
 
 type PluginSdkAliasCandidateKind = "dist" | "src";
+export type PluginSdkResolutionPreference = "auto" | "dist" | "src";
 
 export type LoaderModuleResolveParams = {
   modulePath?: string;
   argv1?: string;
   cwd?: string;
   moduleUrl?: string;
+  pluginSdkResolution?: PluginSdkResolutionPreference;
 };
 
 type PluginSdkPackageJson = {
@@ -158,13 +160,17 @@ function resolveLoaderPluginSdkPackageRoot(
 export function resolvePluginSdkAliasCandidateOrder(params: {
   modulePath: string;
   isProduction: boolean;
+  pluginSdkResolution?: PluginSdkResolutionPreference;
 }): PluginSdkAliasCandidateKind[] {
+  if (params.pluginSdkResolution === "dist") {
+    return ["dist", "src"];
+  }
+  if (params.pluginSdkResolution === "src") {
+    return ["src", "dist"];
+  }
   const normalizedModulePath = params.modulePath.replace(/\\/g, "/");
   const isDistRuntime = normalizedModulePath.includes("/dist/");
-  const preferDistInTests = process.env.OPENCLAW_PLUGIN_SDK_PREFER_DIST === "1";
-  return isDistRuntime || params.isProduction || preferDistInTests
-    ? ["dist", "src"]
-    : ["src", "dist"];
+  return isDistRuntime || params.isProduction ? ["dist", "src"] : ["src", "dist"];
 }
 
 export function listPluginSdkAliasCandidates(params: {
@@ -174,10 +180,12 @@ export function listPluginSdkAliasCandidates(params: {
   argv1?: string;
   cwd?: string;
   moduleUrl?: string;
+  pluginSdkResolution?: PluginSdkResolutionPreference;
 }) {
   const orderedKinds = resolvePluginSdkAliasCandidateOrder({
     modulePath: params.modulePath,
     isProduction: process.env.NODE_ENV === "production",
+    pluginSdkResolution: params.pluginSdkResolution,
   });
   const packageRoot = resolveLoaderPluginSdkPackageRoot(params);
   if (packageRoot) {
@@ -213,6 +221,7 @@ export function resolvePluginSdkAliasFile(params: {
   argv1?: string;
   cwd?: string;
   moduleUrl?: string;
+  pluginSdkResolution?: PluginSdkResolutionPreference;
 }): string | null {
   try {
     const modulePath = resolveLoaderModulePath(params);
@@ -223,6 +232,7 @@ export function resolvePluginSdkAliasFile(params: {
       argv1: params.argv1,
       cwd: params.cwd,
       moduleUrl: params.moduleUrl,
+      pluginSdkResolution: params.pluginSdkResolution,
     })) {
       if (fs.existsSync(candidate)) {
         return candidate;
@@ -238,7 +248,12 @@ const cachedPluginSdkExportedSubpaths = new Map<string, string[]>();
 const cachedPluginSdkScopedAliasMaps = new Map<string, Record<string, string>>();
 
 export function listPluginSdkExportedSubpaths(
-  params: { modulePath?: string; argv1?: string; moduleUrl?: string } = {},
+  params: {
+    modulePath?: string;
+    argv1?: string;
+    moduleUrl?: string;
+    pluginSdkResolution?: PluginSdkResolutionPreference;
+  } = {},
 ): string[] {
   const modulePath = params.modulePath ?? fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
   const packageRoot = resolveLoaderPluginSdkPackageRoot({
@@ -259,7 +274,12 @@ export function listPluginSdkExportedSubpaths(
 }
 
 export function resolvePluginSdkScopedAliasMap(
-  params: { modulePath?: string; argv1?: string; moduleUrl?: string } = {},
+  params: {
+    modulePath?: string;
+    argv1?: string;
+    moduleUrl?: string;
+    pluginSdkResolution?: PluginSdkResolutionPreference;
+  } = {},
 ): Record<string, string> {
   const modulePath = params.modulePath ?? fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
   const packageRoot = resolveLoaderPluginSdkPackageRoot({
@@ -273,6 +293,7 @@ export function resolvePluginSdkScopedAliasMap(
   const orderedKinds = resolvePluginSdkAliasCandidateOrder({
     modulePath,
     isProduction: process.env.NODE_ENV === "production",
+    pluginSdkResolution: params.pluginSdkResolution,
   });
   const cacheKey = `${packageRoot}::${orderedKinds.join(",")}`;
   const cached = cachedPluginSdkScopedAliasMaps.get(cacheKey);
@@ -284,6 +305,7 @@ export function resolvePluginSdkScopedAliasMap(
     modulePath,
     argv1: params.argv1,
     moduleUrl: params.moduleUrl,
+    pluginSdkResolution: params.pluginSdkResolution,
   })) {
     const candidateMap = {
       src: path.join(packageRoot, "src", "plugin-sdk", `${subpath}.ts`),
@@ -312,6 +334,7 @@ export function resolveExtensionApiAlias(params: LoaderModuleResolveParams = {})
     const orderedKinds = resolvePluginSdkAliasCandidateOrder({
       modulePath,
       isProduction: process.env.NODE_ENV === "production",
+      pluginSdkResolution: params.pluginSdkResolution,
     });
     const candidateMap = {
       src: path.join(packageRoot, "src", "extensionAPI.ts"),
@@ -333,6 +356,7 @@ export function buildPluginLoaderAliasMap(
   modulePath: string,
   argv1: string | undefined = STARTUP_ARGV1,
   moduleUrl?: string,
+  pluginSdkResolution: PluginSdkResolutionPreference = "auto",
 ): Record<string, string> {
   const pluginSdkAlias = resolvePluginSdkAliasFile({
     srcFile: "root-alias.cjs",
@@ -340,12 +364,13 @@ export function buildPluginLoaderAliasMap(
     modulePath,
     argv1,
     moduleUrl,
+    pluginSdkResolution,
   });
-  const extensionApiAlias = resolveExtensionApiAlias({ modulePath });
+  const extensionApiAlias = resolveExtensionApiAlias({ modulePath, pluginSdkResolution });
   return {
     ...(extensionApiAlias ? { "openclaw/extension-api": extensionApiAlias } : {}),
     ...(pluginSdkAlias ? { "openclaw/plugin-sdk": pluginSdkAlias } : {}),
-    ...resolvePluginSdkScopedAliasMap({ modulePath, argv1, moduleUrl }),
+    ...resolvePluginSdkScopedAliasMap({ modulePath, argv1, moduleUrl, pluginSdkResolution }),
   };
 }
 
@@ -357,6 +382,7 @@ export function resolvePluginRuntimeModulePath(
     const orderedKinds = resolvePluginSdkAliasCandidateOrder({
       modulePath,
       isProduction: process.env.NODE_ENV === "production",
+      pluginSdkResolution: params.pluginSdkResolution,
     });
     const packageRoot = resolveLoaderPackageRoot({ ...params, modulePath });
     const candidates = packageRoot