diff --git a/extensions/browser/src/browser/config.ts b/extensions/browser/src/browser/config.ts
index f1367bc3b69..b5aee21b4f4 100644
--- a/extensions/browser/src/browser/config.ts
+++ b/extensions/browser/src/browser/config.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { normalizeTrimmedStringList } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/text-runtime";
 import {
   type BrowserConfig,
   type BrowserProfileConfig,
@@ -116,9 +117,7 @@ function normalizeStringList(raw: string[] | undefined): string[] | undefined {
   if (!Array.isArray(raw) || raw.length === 0) {
     return undefined;
   }
-  const values = raw
-    .map((value) => value.trim())
-    .filter((value): value is string => value.length > 0);
+  const values = normalizeTrimmedStringList(raw);
   return values.length > 0 ? values : undefined;
 }
 
diff --git a/extensions/memory-wiki/src/markdown.ts b/extensions/memory-wiki/src/markdown.ts
index c05c930363c..aeb32d2cc13 100644
--- a/extensions/memory-wiki/src/markdown.ts
+++ b/extensions/memory-wiki/src/markdown.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 import path from "node:path";
-import { normalizeOptionalString } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/text-runtime";
+import {
+  normalizeOptionalString,
+  normalizeSingleOrTrimmedStringList,
+} from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/text-runtime";
 import YAML from "yaml";
 
 export const WIKI_PAGE_KINDS = ["entity", "concept", "source", "synthesis", "report"] as const;
@@ -82,23 +85,7 @@ export function extractTitleFromMarkdown(body: string): string | undefined {
 }
 
 export function normalizeSourceIds(value: unknown): string[] {
-  if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-    return value.flatMap((item) => (typeof item === "string" && item.trim() ? [item.trim()] : []));
-  }
-  if (typeof value === "string" && value.trim()) {
-    return [value.trim()];
-  }
-  return [];
-}
-
-function normalizeStringList(value: unknown): string[] {
-  if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-    return value.flatMap((item) => (typeof item === "string" && item.trim() ? [item.trim()] : []));
-  }
-  if (typeof value === "string" && value.trim()) {
-    return [value.trim()];
-  }
-  return [];
+  return normalizeSingleOrTrimmedStringList(value);
 }
 
 export function extractWikiLinks(markdown: string): string[] {
@@ -187,8 +174,8 @@ export function toWikiPageSummary(params: {
     pageType: normalizeOptionalString(parsed.frontmatter.pageType),
     sourceIds: normalizeSourceIds(parsed.frontmatter.sourceIds),
     linkTargets: extractWikiLinks(params.raw),
-    contradictions: normalizeStringList(parsed.frontmatter.contradictions),
-    questions: normalizeStringList(parsed.frontmatter.questions),
+    contradictions: normalizeSingleOrTrimmedStringList(parsed.frontmatter.contradictions),
+    questions: normalizeSingleOrTrimmedStringList(parsed.frontmatter.questions),
     confidence:
       typeof parsed.frontmatter.confidence === "number" &&
       Number.isFinite(parsed.frontmatter.confidence)
diff --git a/src/hooks/bundled/bootstrap-extra-files/handler.ts b/src/hooks/bundled/bootstrap-extra-files/handler.ts
index bc708b62d07..741190baa7b 100644
--- a/src/hooks/bundled/bootstrap-extra-files/handler.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/bundled/bootstrap-extra-files/handler.ts
@@ -3,29 +3,23 @@ import {
   loadExtraBootstrapFilesWithDiagnostics,
 } from "../../../agents/workspace.js";
 import { createSubsystemLogger } from "../../../logging/subsystem.js";
+import { normalizeTrimmedStringList } from "../../../shared/string-normalization.js";
 import { resolveHookConfig } from "../../config.js";
 import { isAgentBootstrapEvent, type HookHandler } from "../../hooks.js";
 
 const HOOK_KEY = "bootstrap-extra-files";
 const log = createSubsystemLogger("bootstrap-extra-files");
 
-function normalizeStringArray(value: unknown): string[] {
-  if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
-    return [];
-  }
-  return value.map((v) => (typeof v === "string" ? v.trim() : "")).filter(Boolean);
-}
-
 function resolveExtraBootstrapPatterns(hookConfig: Record<string, unknown>): string[] {
-  const fromPaths = normalizeStringArray(hookConfig.paths);
+  const fromPaths = normalizeTrimmedStringList(hookConfig.paths);
   if (fromPaths.length > 0) {
     return fromPaths;
   }
-  const fromPatterns = normalizeStringArray(hookConfig.patterns);
+  const fromPatterns = normalizeTrimmedStringList(hookConfig.patterns);
   if (fromPatterns.length > 0) {
     return fromPatterns;
   }
-  return normalizeStringArray(hookConfig.files);
+  return normalizeTrimmedStringList(hookConfig.files);
 }
 
 const bootstrapExtraFilesHook: HookHandler = async (event) => {
diff --git a/src/infra/node-pairing.ts b/src/infra/node-pairing.ts
index b4fac6a11a6..e34ddefb179 100644
--- a/src/infra/node-pairing.ts
+++ b/src/infra/node-pairing.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
 import { resolveMissingRequestedScope } from "../shared/operator-scope-compat.js";
+import { normalizeTrimmedStringList } from "../shared/string-normalization.js";
 import { type NodeApprovalScope, resolveNodePairApprovalScopes } from "./node-pairing-authz.js";
 import {
   createAsyncLock,
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ function normalizeStringList(values?: string[]): string[] | undefined {
   if (!Array.isArray(values)) {
     return undefined;
   }
-  const normalized = values.map((value) => value.trim()).filter(Boolean);
+  const normalized = normalizeTrimmedStringList(values);
   return normalized.length > 0 ? normalized : [];
 }
 
diff --git a/src/shared/frontmatter.ts b/src/shared/frontmatter.ts
index ce042b18762..998dd086dbb 100644
--- a/src/shared/frontmatter.ts
+++ b/src/shared/frontmatter.ts
@@ -1,21 +1,10 @@
 import JSON5 from "json5";
 import { LEGACY_MANIFEST_KEYS, MANIFEST_KEY } from "../compat/legacy-names.js";
 import { parseBooleanValue } from "../utils/boolean.js";
+import { normalizeCsvOrLooseStringList } from "./string-normalization.js";
 
 export function normalizeStringList(input: unknown): string[] {
-  if (!input) {
-    return [];
-  }
-  if (Array.isArray(input)) {
-    return input.map((value) => String(value).trim()).filter(Boolean);
-  }
-  if (typeof input === "string") {
-    return input
-      .split(",")
-      .map((value) => value.trim())
-      .filter(Boolean);
-  }
-  return [];
+  return normalizeCsvOrLooseStringList(input);
 }
 
 export function getFrontmatterString(
diff --git a/src/shared/string-normalization.ts b/src/shared/string-normalization.ts
index 733b5e02166..65c7576741e 100644
--- a/src/shared/string-normalization.ts
+++ b/src/shared/string-normalization.ts
@@ -25,6 +25,19 @@ export function normalizeSingleOrTrimmedStringList(value: unknown): string[] {
   return [];
 }
 
+export function normalizeCsvOrLooseStringList(value: unknown): string[] {
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+    return value.map((entry) => String(entry).trim()).filter(Boolean);
+  }
+  if (typeof value === "string") {
+    return value
+      .split(",")
+      .map((entry) => entry.trim())
+      .filter(Boolean);
+  }
+  return [];
+}
+
 export function normalizeHyphenSlug(raw?: string | null) {
   const trimmed = raw?.trim().toLowerCase() ?? "";
   if (!trimmed) {