diff --git a/src/plugins/bundled-plugin-metadata.test.ts b/src/plugins/bundled-plugin-metadata.test.ts
index 4c3c0e8782f..83dce8b6665 100644
--- a/src/plugins/bundled-plugin-metadata.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/bundled-plugin-metadata.test.ts
@@ -37,6 +37,22 @@ function expectGeneratedPathResolution(tempRoot: string, expectedRelativePath: s
   ).toBe(path.join(tempRoot, expectedRelativePath));
 }
 
+function expectArtifactPresence(
+  artifacts: readonly string[] | undefined,
+  params: { contains?: readonly string[]; excludes?: readonly string[] },
+) {
+  if (params.contains) {
+    for (const artifact of params.contains) {
+      expect(artifacts).toContain(artifact);
+    }
+  }
+  if (params.excludes) {
+    for (const artifact of params.excludes) {
+      expect(artifacts).not.toContain(artifact);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 async function writeGeneratedMetadataModule(params: {
   repoRoot: string;
   outputPath?: string;
@@ -64,11 +80,13 @@ describe("bundled plugin metadata", () => {
     const discord = BUNDLED_PLUGIN_METADATA.find((entry) => entry.dirName === "discord");
     expect(discord?.source).toEqual({ source: "./index.ts", built: "index.js" });
     expect(discord?.setupSource).toEqual({ source: "./setup-entry.ts", built: "setup-entry.js" });
-    expect(discord?.publicSurfaceArtifacts).toContain("api.js");
-    expect(discord?.publicSurfaceArtifacts).toContain("runtime-api.js");
-    expect(discord?.publicSurfaceArtifacts).toContain("session-key-api.js");
-    expect(discord?.publicSurfaceArtifacts).not.toContain("test-api.js");
-    expect(discord?.runtimeSidecarArtifacts).toContain("runtime-api.js");
+    expectArtifactPresence(discord?.publicSurfaceArtifacts, {
+      contains: ["api.js", "runtime-api.js", "session-key-api.js"],
+      excludes: ["test-api.js"],
+    });
+    expectArtifactPresence(discord?.runtimeSidecarArtifacts, {
+      contains: ["runtime-api.js"],
+    });
     expect(discord?.manifest.id).toBe("discord");
     expect(discord?.manifest.channelConfigs?.discord).toEqual(
       expect.objectContaining({
diff --git a/src/plugins/channel-plugin-ids.test.ts b/src/plugins/channel-plugin-ids.test.ts
index 2744e943586..d7b5bc9636f 100644
--- a/src/plugins/channel-plugin-ids.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/channel-plugin-ids.test.ts
@@ -72,6 +72,10 @@ function expectStartupPluginIds(config: OpenClawConfig, expected: readonly strin
   ).toEqual(expected);
 }
 
+function expectManifestRegistryFixture() {
+  expect(loadPluginManifestRegistry).toHaveBeenCalled();
+}
+
 describe("resolveGatewayStartupPluginIds", () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     listPotentialConfiguredChannelIds.mockReset().mockReturnValue(["demo-channel"]);
@@ -119,5 +123,6 @@ describe("resolveGatewayStartupPluginIds", () => {
     ],
   ] as const)("%s", (_name, config, expected) => {
     expectStartupPluginIds(config, expected);
+    expectManifestRegistryFixture();
   });
 });
diff --git a/src/plugins/cli.test.ts b/src/plugins/cli.test.ts
index fd658b32ede..68d63cd64d2 100644
--- a/src/plugins/cli.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/cli.test.ts
@@ -46,6 +46,14 @@ function createCliRegistry() {
   };
 }
 
+function expectPluginLoaderConfig(config: OpenClawConfig) {
+  expect(mocks.loadOpenClawPlugins).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    expect.objectContaining({
+      config,
+    }),
+  );
+}
+
 describe("registerPluginCliCommands", () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     mocks.memoryRegister.mockClear();
@@ -101,11 +109,7 @@ describe("registerPluginCliCommands", () => {
       config: rawConfig,
       env: process.env,
     });
-    expect(mocks.loadOpenClawPlugins).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      expect.objectContaining({
-        config: autoEnabledConfig,
-      }),
-    );
+    expectPluginLoaderConfig(autoEnabledConfig);
     expect(mocks.memoryRegister).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.objectContaining({
         config: autoEnabledConfig,
diff --git a/src/plugins/config-state.test.ts b/src/plugins/config-state.test.ts
index 68f33b2664e..6d8d2806cdf 100644
--- a/src/plugins/config-state.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/config-state.test.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,15 @@ function expectResolvedEnableState(
   expect(resolveEnableState(...params)).toEqual(expected);
 }
 
+function expectMemoryPluginState(
+  config: Parameters<typeof normalizePluginsConfig>[0],
+  expected: ReturnType<typeof resolveEnableState>,
+) {
+  expect(resolveEnableState("memory-core", "bundled", normalizePluginsConfig(config))).toEqual(
+    expected,
+  );
+}
+
 describe("normalizePluginsConfig", () => {
   it.each([
     [{}, "memory-core"],
@@ -177,22 +186,18 @@ describe("resolveEnableState", () => {
   );
 
   it("keeps the selected memory slot plugin enabled even when omitted from plugins.allow", () => {
-    const state = resolveEnableState(
-      "memory-core",
-      "bundled",
-      normalizePluginsConfig({
+    expectMemoryPluginState(
+      {
         allow: ["telegram"],
         slots: { memory: "memory-core" },
-      }),
+      },
+      { enabled: true },
     );
-    expect(state).toEqual({ enabled: true });
   });
 
   it("keeps explicit disable authoritative for the selected memory slot plugin", () => {
-    const state = resolveEnableState(
-      "memory-core",
-      "bundled",
-      normalizePluginsConfig({
+    expectMemoryPluginState(
+      {
         allow: ["telegram"],
         slots: { memory: "memory-core" },
         entries: {
@@ -200,9 +205,9 @@ describe("resolveEnableState", () => {
             enabled: false,
           },
         },
-      }),
+      },
+      { enabled: false, reason: "disabled in config" },
     );
-    expect(state).toEqual({ enabled: false, reason: "disabled in config" });
   });
 
   it.each([
diff --git a/src/plugins/enable.test.ts b/src/plugins/enable.test.ts
index 3f6b29014dd..00fb82faddd 100644
--- a/src/plugins/enable.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/enable.test.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,13 @@ function expectEnableResult(
   params.assert(result);
 }
 
+function expectEnabledAllowlist(
+  result: ReturnType<typeof enablePluginInConfig>,
+  expected: string[],
+) {
+  expect(result.config.plugins?.allow).toEqual(expected);
+}
+
 describe("enablePluginInConfig", () => {
   it.each([
     {
@@ -36,7 +43,7 @@ describe("enablePluginInConfig", () => {
       pluginId: "google",
       expectedEnabled: true,
       assert: (result: ReturnType<typeof enablePluginInConfig>) => {
-        expect(result.config.plugins?.allow).toEqual(["memory-core", "google"]);
+        expectEnabledAllowlist(result, ["memory-core", "google"]);
       },
     },
     {
@@ -73,7 +80,7 @@ describe("enablePluginInConfig", () => {
       expectedEnabled: true,
       assert: (result: ReturnType<typeof enablePluginInConfig>) => {
         expect(result.config.channels?.telegram?.enabled).toBe(true);
-        expect(result.config.plugins?.allow).toEqual(["memory-core", "telegram"]);
+        expectEnabledAllowlist(result, ["memory-core", "telegram"]);
       },
     },
     {
diff --git a/src/plugins/installs.test.ts b/src/plugins/installs.test.ts
index 2d81553a421..d042325f191 100644
--- a/src/plugins/installs.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/installs.test.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,20 @@ function expectRecordedInstall(pluginId: string, next: ReturnType<typeof recordP
   expect(typeof next.plugins?.installs?.[pluginId]?.installedAt).toBe("string");
 }
 
+function createExpectedResolutionFields(
+  overrides: Partial<ReturnType<typeof buildNpmResolutionInstallFields>>,
+) {
+  return {
+    resolvedName: undefined,
+    resolvedVersion: undefined,
+    resolvedSpec: undefined,
+    integrity: undefined,
+    shasum: undefined,
+    resolvedAt: undefined,
+    ...overrides,
+  };
+}
+
 describe("buildNpmResolutionInstallFields", () => {
   it.each([
     {
@@ -21,26 +35,19 @@ describe("buildNpmResolutionInstallFields", () => {
         shasum: "deadbeef",
         resolvedAt: "2026-02-22T00:00:00.000Z",
       },
-      expected: {
+      expected: createExpectedResolutionFields({
         resolvedName: "@openclaw/demo",
         resolvedVersion: "1.2.3",
         resolvedSpec: "@openclaw/demo@1.2.3",
         integrity: "sha512-abc",
         shasum: "deadbeef",
         resolvedAt: "2026-02-22T00:00:00.000Z",
-      },
+      }),
     },
     {
       name: "returns undefined fields when resolution is missing",
       input: undefined,
-      expected: {
-        resolvedName: undefined,
-        resolvedVersion: undefined,
-        resolvedSpec: undefined,
-        integrity: undefined,
-        shasum: undefined,
-        resolvedAt: undefined,
-      },
+      expected: createExpectedResolutionFields({}),
     },
   ] as const)("$name", ({ input, expected }) => {
     expect(buildNpmResolutionInstallFields(input)).toEqual(expected);
diff --git a/src/plugins/lazy-service-module.test.ts b/src/plugins/lazy-service-module.test.ts
index 677559b2fbe..0f8b24bf138 100644
--- a/src/plugins/lazy-service-module.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/lazy-service-module.test.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,22 @@ function createLazyModuleLifecycle() {
   };
 }
 
+async function expectLifecycleStarted(params: {
+  overrideEnvVar?: string;
+  loadDefaultModule?: () => Promise<Record<string, unknown>>;
+  loadOverrideModule?: (spec: string) => Promise<Record<string, unknown>>;
+  startExportNames: string[];
+  stopExportNames?: string[];
+}) {
+  return startLazyPluginServiceModule({
+    ...(params.overrideEnvVar ? { overrideEnvVar: params.overrideEnvVar } : {}),
+    loadDefaultModule: params.loadDefaultModule ?? (async () => createLazyModuleLifecycle().module),
+    ...(params.loadOverrideModule ? { loadOverrideModule: params.loadOverrideModule } : {}),
+    startExportNames: params.startExportNames,
+    ...(params.stopExportNames ? { stopExportNames: params.stopExportNames } : {}),
+  });
+}
+
 describe("startLazyPluginServiceModule", () => {
   afterEach(() => {
     delete process.env.OPENCLAW_LAZY_SERVICE_SKIP;
@@ -27,7 +43,7 @@ describe("startLazyPluginServiceModule", () => {
   it("starts the default module and returns its stop hook", async () => {
     const lifecycle = createLazyModuleLifecycle();
 
-    const handle = await startLazyPluginServiceModule({
+    const handle = await expectLifecycleStarted({
       loadDefaultModule: async () => lifecycle.module,
       startExportNames: ["startDefault"],
       stopExportNames: ["stopDefault"],
@@ -58,7 +74,7 @@ describe("startLazyPluginServiceModule", () => {
     const start = createAsyncHookMock();
     const loadOverrideModule = vi.fn(async () => ({ startOverride: start }));
 
-    await startLazyPluginServiceModule({
+    await expectLifecycleStarted({
       overrideEnvVar: "OPENCLAW_LAZY_SERVICE_OVERRIDE",
       loadDefaultModule: async () => ({ startDefault: createAsyncHookMock() }),
       loadOverrideModule,
diff --git a/src/plugins/services.test.ts b/src/plugins/services.test.ts
index eb89e51ac16..0d9637a090b 100644
--- a/src/plugins/services.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/services.test.ts
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ function expectServiceContext(
   expect(ctx.config).toBe(config);
   expect(ctx.workspaceDir).toBe("/tmp/workspace");
   expect(ctx.stateDir).toBe(STATE_DIR);
+  expectServiceLogger(ctx);
+}
+
+function expectServiceLogger(ctx: OpenClawPluginServiceContext) {
   expect(ctx.logger).toBeDefined();
   expect(typeof ctx.logger.info).toBe("function");
   expect(typeof ctx.logger.warn).toBe("function");
diff --git a/src/plugins/slots.test.ts b/src/plugins/slots.test.ts
index 9d2cd063c1c..c0ca9ea0a88 100644
--- a/src/plugins/slots.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/slots.test.ts
@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@ describe("applyExclusiveSlotSelection", () => {
     }
   }
 
+  function expectUnchangedSelection(result: ReturnType<typeof applyExclusiveSlotSelection>) {
+    expect(result.changed).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.warnings).toHaveLength(0);
+  }
+
   it("selects the slot and disables other entries for the same kind", () => {
     const config = createMemoryConfig({
       slots: { memory: "memory-core" },
@@ -94,8 +99,7 @@ describe("applyExclusiveSlotSelection", () => {
       registry: { plugins: [{ id: "memory", kind: "memory" }] },
     });
 
-    expect(result.changed).toBe(false);
-    expect(result.warnings).toHaveLength(0);
+    expectUnchangedSelection(result);
     expect(result.config).toBe(config);
   });
 
@@ -140,8 +144,7 @@ describe("applyExclusiveSlotSelection", () => {
       selectedId: "custom",
     });
 
-    expect(result.changed).toBe(false);
-    expect(result.warnings).toHaveLength(0);
+    expectUnchangedSelection(result);
     expect(result.config).toBe(config);
   });
 });
diff --git a/src/plugins/source-display.test.ts b/src/plugins/source-display.test.ts
index 6866f53e0cf..6a01843c764 100644
--- a/src/plugins/source-display.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/source-display.test.ts
@@ -3,24 +3,11 @@ import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { withPathResolutionEnv } from "../test-utils/env.js";
 import { formatPluginSourceForTable, resolvePluginSourceRoots } from "./source-display.js";
 
-function createPluginSourceRoots() {
-  const stockRoot = path.resolve(
-    path.sep,
-    "opt",
-    "homebrew",
-    "lib",
-    "node_modules",
-    "openclaw",
-    "extensions",
-  );
-  const globalRoot = path.resolve(path.sep, "Users", "x", ".openclaw", "extensions");
-  const workspaceRoot = path.resolve(path.sep, "Users", "x", "ws", ".openclaw", "extensions");
-  return {
-    stock: stockRoot,
-    global: globalRoot,
-    workspace: workspaceRoot,
-  };
-}
+const PLUGIN_SOURCE_ROOTS = {
+  stock: path.resolve(path.sep, "opt", "homebrew", "lib", "node_modules", "openclaw", "extensions"),
+  global: path.resolve(path.sep, "Users", "x", ".openclaw", "extensions"),
+  workspace: path.resolve(path.sep, "Users", "x", "ws", ".openclaw", "extensions"),
+};
 
 function expectFormattedSource(params: {
   origin: "bundled" | "workspace" | "global";
@@ -30,13 +17,12 @@ function expectFormattedSource(params: {
   expectedValue: string;
   expectedRootKey: "stock" | "workspace" | "global";
 }) {
-  const roots = createPluginSourceRoots();
   const out = formatPluginSourceForTable(
     {
       origin: params.origin,
-      source: path.join(roots[params.sourceKey], params.dirName, params.fileName),
+      source: path.join(PLUGIN_SOURCE_ROOTS[params.sourceKey], params.dirName, params.fileName),
     },
-    roots,
+    PLUGIN_SOURCE_ROOTS,
   );
   expect(out.value).toBe(params.expectedValue);
   expect(out.rootKey).toBe(params.expectedRootKey);