diff --git a/extensions/nostr/src/channel.inbound.test.ts b/extensions/nostr/src/channel.inbound.test.ts
index 7bdbbb17c53..41119d359f0 100644
--- a/extensions/nostr/src/channel.inbound.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/nostr/src/channel.inbound.test.ts
@@ -94,13 +94,24 @@ async function startGatewayHarness(params: {
   const bus = createMockBus();
   setNostrRuntime(harness.runtime);
   mocks.startNostrBus.mockResolvedValueOnce(bus as never);
+  const abort = new AbortController();
 
-  const cleanup = (await startNostrGatewayAccount(
+  const task = startNostrGatewayAccount(
     createStartAccountContext({
       account: params.account,
       cfg: params.cfg,
+      abortSignal: abort.signal,
     }),
-  )) as { stop: () => void };
+  );
+  await vi.waitFor(() => {
+    expect(mocks.startNostrBus).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+  const cleanup = {
+    stop: async () => {
+      abort.abort();
+      await task;
+    },
+  };
 
   return { harness, bus, cleanup };
 }
@@ -143,7 +154,7 @@ describe("nostr inbound gateway path", () => {
     expect(sendPairingReply).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
     expect(mockCallArg(sendPairingReply)).toContain("Pairing code:");
 
-    cleanup.stop();
+    await cleanup.stop();
   });
 
   it("routes allowed DMs through the standard reply pipeline", async () => {
@@ -186,6 +197,6 @@ describe("nostr inbound gateway path", () => {
     expect(ctx?.CommandAuthorized).toBe(true);
     expect(sendReply).toHaveBeenCalledWith("converted:|a|b|");
 
-    cleanup.stop();
+    await cleanup.stop();
   });
 });
diff --git a/extensions/nostr/src/channel.lifecycle.test.ts b/extensions/nostr/src/channel.lifecycle.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..124a6dacbdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extensions/nostr/src/channel.lifecycle.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+import {
+  createStartAccountContext,
+  expectStopPendingUntilAbort,
+  startAccountAndTrackLifecycle,
+  waitForStartedMocks,
+} from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-test-helpers";
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { getActiveNostrBuses, startNostrGatewayAccount } from "./gateway.js";
+import { buildResolvedNostrAccount } from "./test-fixtures.js";
+
+const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  startNostrBus: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock("./nostr-bus.js", () => ({
+  DEFAULT_RELAYS: ["wss://relay.example.com"],
+  startNostrBus: mocks.startNostrBus,
+}));
+
+function createMockBus() {
+  return {
+    sendDm: vi.fn(async () => {}),
+    close: vi.fn(),
+    getMetrics: vi.fn(() => ({ counters: {} })),
+    publishProfile: vi.fn(),
+    getProfileState: vi.fn(async () => null),
+  };
+}
+
+describe("nostr gateway lifecycle", () => {
+  afterEach(() => {
+    mocks.startNostrBus.mockReset();
+  });
+
+  it("keeps startAccount pending until abort, then closes the bus", async () => {
+    const bus = createMockBus();
+    mocks.startNostrBus.mockResolvedValueOnce(bus as never);
+
+    const { abort, task, isSettled } = startAccountAndTrackLifecycle({
+      startAccount: startNostrGatewayAccount,
+      account: buildResolvedNostrAccount(),
+    });
+
+    await expectStopPendingUntilAbort({
+      waitForStarted: waitForStartedMocks(mocks.startNostrBus),
+      isSettled,
+      abort,
+      task,
+      stop: bus.close,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("keeps the active bus registered while pending and removes it after abort", async () => {
+    const bus = createMockBus();
+    mocks.startNostrBus.mockResolvedValueOnce(bus as never);
+
+    const { abort, task, isSettled } = startAccountAndTrackLifecycle({
+      startAccount: startNostrGatewayAccount,
+      account: buildResolvedNostrAccount(),
+    });
+
+    await vi.waitFor(() => {
+      expect(getActiveNostrBuses().get("default")).toBe(bus);
+    });
+    expect(isSettled()).toBe(false);
+
+    abort.abort();
+    await task;
+
+    expect(bus.close).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(getActiveNostrBuses().has("default")).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("stops immediately when startAccount receives an already-aborted signal", async () => {
+    const bus = createMockBus();
+    mocks.startNostrBus.mockResolvedValueOnce(bus as never);
+    const abort = new AbortController();
+    abort.abort();
+
+    await startNostrGatewayAccount(
+      createStartAccountContext({
+        account: buildResolvedNostrAccount(),
+        abortSignal: abort.signal,
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expect(mocks.startNostrBus).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(bus.close).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/extensions/nostr/src/channel.outbound.test.ts b/extensions/nostr/src/channel.outbound.test.ts
index 3cfec175488..7a5eb7ff6b4 100644
--- a/extensions/nostr/src/channel.outbound.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/nostr/src/channel.outbound.test.ts
@@ -57,12 +57,23 @@ async function startOutboundAccount(accountId?: string) {
     getProfileState: vi.fn(async () => null),
   };
   mocks.startNostrBus.mockResolvedValueOnce(bus as unknown);
+  const abort = new AbortController();
 
-  const cleanup = (await startNostrGatewayAccount(
+  const task = startNostrGatewayAccount(
     createStartAccountContext({
       account: buildResolvedNostrAccount(accountId ? { accountId } : undefined),
+      abortSignal: abort.signal,
     }),
-  )) as { stop: () => void };
+  );
+  await vi.waitFor(() => {
+    expect(mocks.startNostrBus).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+  const cleanup = {
+    stop: async () => {
+      abort.abort();
+      await task;
+    },
+  };
 
   return { cleanup, sendDm };
 }
@@ -96,7 +107,7 @@ describe("nostr outbound cfg threading", () => {
     expect(mocks.normalizePubkey).toHaveBeenCalledWith("NPUB123");
     expect(sendDm).toHaveBeenCalledWith("normalized-npub123", "converted:|a|b|");
 
-    cleanup.stop();
+    await cleanup.stop();
   });
 
   it("uses the configured defaultAccount when accountId is omitted", async () => {
@@ -125,7 +136,7 @@ describe("nostr outbound cfg threading", () => {
     });
     expect(sendDm).toHaveBeenCalledWith("normalized-npub123", "hello");
 
-    cleanup.stop();
+    await cleanup.stop();
   });
 
   it("backs declared message adapter capabilities with outbound sends", async () => {
@@ -158,6 +169,6 @@ describe("nostr outbound cfg threading", () => {
       },
     });
 
-    cleanup.stop();
+    await cleanup.stop();
   });
 });
diff --git a/extensions/nostr/src/gateway.ts b/extensions/nostr/src/gateway.ts
index feb8b12c0ed..29c6f2a2df0 100644
--- a/extensions/nostr/src/gateway.ts
+++ b/extensions/nostr/src/gateway.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
 import { createChannelPairingController } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-pairing";
 import { attachChannelToResult } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/channel-send-result";
 import type { OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-contracts";
+import { runStoppablePassiveMonitor } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/extension-shared";
 import { type ChannelOutboundAdapter, type ChannelPlugin } from "./channel-api.js";
 import type { MetricEvent, MetricsSnapshot } from "./metrics.js";
 import { startNostrBus, type NostrBusHandle } from "./nostr-bus.js";
@@ -143,118 +144,133 @@ export const startNostrGatewayAccount: NostrGatewayStart = async (ctx) => {
     return "block";
   };
 
-  const bus = await startNostrBus({
-    accountId: account.accountId,
-    privateKey: account.privateKey,
-    relays: account.relays,
-    authorizeSender: async ({ senderPubkey, reply }) =>
-      await authorizeSender({ senderId: senderPubkey, reply }),
-    onMessage: async (senderPubkey, text, reply, meta) => {
-      const resolvedAccess = await resolveInboundAccess(senderPubkey, text);
-      if (resolvedAccess.senderAccess.decision !== "allow") {
-        ctx.log?.warn?.(
-          `[${account.accountId}] dropping Nostr DM after preflight drift (${senderPubkey}, ${resolvedAccess.senderAccess.reasonCode})`,
-        );
-        return;
-      }
-
-      const { dispatchInboundDirectDmWithRuntime } = await import("./inbound-direct-dm-runtime.js");
-      await dispatchInboundDirectDmWithRuntime({
-        cfg: ctx.cfg,
-        runtime,
-        channel: "nostr",
-        channelLabel: "Nostr",
+  await runStoppablePassiveMonitor({
+    abortSignal: ctx.abortSignal,
+    start: async () => {
+      const bus = await startNostrBus({
         accountId: account.accountId,
-        peer: {
-          kind: "direct",
-          id: senderPubkey,
-        },
-        senderId: senderPubkey,
-        senderAddress: `nostr:${senderPubkey}`,
-        recipientAddress: `nostr:${account.publicKey}`,
-        conversationLabel: senderPubkey,
-        rawBody: text,
-        messageId: meta.eventId,
-        timestamp: meta.createdAt * 1000,
-        commandAuthorized: resolvedAccess.commandAccess.requested
-          ? resolvedAccess.commandAccess.authorized
-          : undefined,
-        deliver: async (payload) => {
-          const outboundText =
-            payload && typeof payload === "object" && "text" in payload
-              ? ((payload as { text?: string }).text ?? "")
-              : "";
-          if (!outboundText.trim()) {
+        privateKey: account.privateKey,
+        relays: account.relays,
+        authorizeSender: async ({ senderPubkey, reply }) =>
+          await authorizeSender({ senderId: senderPubkey, reply }),
+        onMessage: async (senderPubkey, text, reply, meta) => {
+          const resolvedAccess = await resolveInboundAccess(senderPubkey, text);
+          if (resolvedAccess.senderAccess.decision !== "allow") {
+            ctx.log?.warn?.(
+              `[${account.accountId}] dropping Nostr DM after preflight drift (${senderPubkey}, ${resolvedAccess.senderAccess.reasonCode})`,
+            );
             return;
           }
-          const tableMode = runtime.channel.text.resolveMarkdownTableMode({
+
+          const { dispatchInboundDirectDmWithRuntime } =
+            await import("./inbound-direct-dm-runtime.js");
+          await dispatchInboundDirectDmWithRuntime({
             cfg: ctx.cfg,
+            runtime,
             channel: "nostr",
+            channelLabel: "Nostr",
             accountId: account.accountId,
+            peer: {
+              kind: "direct",
+              id: senderPubkey,
+            },
+            senderId: senderPubkey,
+            senderAddress: `nostr:${senderPubkey}`,
+            recipientAddress: `nostr:${account.publicKey}`,
+            conversationLabel: senderPubkey,
+            rawBody: text,
+            messageId: meta.eventId,
+            timestamp: meta.createdAt * 1000,
+            commandAuthorized: resolvedAccess.commandAccess.requested
+              ? resolvedAccess.commandAccess.authorized
+              : undefined,
+            deliver: async (payload) => {
+              const outboundText =
+                payload && typeof payload === "object" && "text" in payload
+                  ? ((payload as { text?: string }).text ?? "")
+                  : "";
+              if (!outboundText.trim()) {
+                return;
+              }
+              const tableMode = runtime.channel.text.resolveMarkdownTableMode({
+                cfg: ctx.cfg,
+                channel: "nostr",
+                accountId: account.accountId,
+              });
+              await reply(runtime.channel.text.convertMarkdownTables(outboundText, tableMode));
+            },
+            onRecordError: (err) => {
+              ctx.log?.error?.(
+                `[${account.accountId}] failed recording Nostr inbound session: ${String(err)}`,
+              );
+            },
+            onDispatchError: (err, info) => {
+              ctx.log?.error?.(
+                `[${account.accountId}] Nostr ${info.kind} reply failed: ${String(err)}`,
+              );
+            },
           });
-          await reply(runtime.channel.text.convertMarkdownTables(outboundText, tableMode));
         },
-        onRecordError: (err) => {
-          ctx.log?.error?.(
-            `[${account.accountId}] failed recording Nostr inbound session: ${String(err)}`,
-          );
+        onError: (error, context) => {
+          ctx.log?.error?.(`[${account.accountId}] Nostr error (${context}): ${error.message}`);
         },
-        onDispatchError: (err, info) => {
-          ctx.log?.error?.(
-            `[${account.accountId}] Nostr ${info.kind} reply failed: ${String(err)}`,
-          );
+        onConnect: (relay) => {
+          ctx.log?.debug?.(`[${account.accountId}] Connected to relay: ${relay}`);
+        },
+        onDisconnect: (relay) => {
+          ctx.log?.debug?.(`[${account.accountId}] Disconnected from relay: ${relay}`);
+        },
+        onEose: (relays) => {
+          ctx.log?.debug?.(`[${account.accountId}] EOSE received from relays: ${relays}`);
+        },
+        onMetric: (event: MetricEvent) => {
+          if (event.name.startsWith("event.rejected.")) {
+            ctx.log?.debug?.(
+              `[${account.accountId}] Metric: ${event.name} ${JSON.stringify(event.labels)}`,
+            );
+          } else if (event.name === "relay.circuit_breaker.open") {
+            ctx.log?.warn?.(
+              `[${account.accountId}] Circuit breaker opened for relay: ${event.labels?.relay}`,
+            );
+          } else if (event.name === "relay.circuit_breaker.close") {
+            ctx.log?.info?.(
+              `[${account.accountId}] Circuit breaker closed for relay: ${event.labels?.relay}`,
+            );
+          } else if (event.name === "relay.error") {
+            ctx.log?.debug?.(`[${account.accountId}] Relay error: ${event.labels?.relay}`);
+          }
+          if (busHandle) {
+            metricsSnapshots.set(account.accountId, busHandle.getMetrics());
+          }
         },
       });
-    },
-    onError: (error, context) => {
-      ctx.log?.error?.(`[${account.accountId}] Nostr error (${context}): ${error.message}`);
-    },
-    onConnect: (relay) => {
-      ctx.log?.debug?.(`[${account.accountId}] Connected to relay: ${relay}`);
-    },
-    onDisconnect: (relay) => {
-      ctx.log?.debug?.(`[${account.accountId}] Disconnected from relay: ${relay}`);
-    },
-    onEose: (relays) => {
-      ctx.log?.debug?.(`[${account.accountId}] EOSE received from relays: ${relays}`);
-    },
-    onMetric: (event: MetricEvent) => {
-      if (event.name.startsWith("event.rejected.")) {
-        ctx.log?.debug?.(
-          `[${account.accountId}] Metric: ${event.name} ${JSON.stringify(event.labels)}`,
-        );
-      } else if (event.name === "relay.circuit_breaker.open") {
-        ctx.log?.warn?.(
-          `[${account.accountId}] Circuit breaker opened for relay: ${event.labels?.relay}`,
-        );
-      } else if (event.name === "relay.circuit_breaker.close") {
-        ctx.log?.info?.(
-          `[${account.accountId}] Circuit breaker closed for relay: ${event.labels?.relay}`,
-        );
-      } else if (event.name === "relay.error") {
-        ctx.log?.debug?.(`[${account.accountId}] Relay error: ${event.labels?.relay}`);
-      }
-      if (busHandle) {
-        metricsSnapshots.set(account.accountId, busHandle.getMetrics());
-      }
+      let stopped = false;
+      busHandle = bus;
+      activeBuses.set(account.accountId, bus);
+
+      ctx.log?.info?.(
+        `[${account.accountId}] Nostr provider started, connected to ${account.relays.length} relay(s)`,
+      );
+
+      return {
+        stop: () => {
+          if (stopped) {
+            return;
+          }
+          stopped = true;
+          bus.close();
+          if (busHandle === bus) {
+            busHandle = null;
+          }
+          if (activeBuses.get(account.accountId) === bus) {
+            activeBuses.delete(account.accountId);
+          }
+          metricsSnapshots.delete(account.accountId);
+          ctx.log?.info?.(`[${account.accountId}] Nostr provider stopped`);
+        },
+      };
     },
   });
-
-  busHandle = bus;
-  activeBuses.set(account.accountId, bus);
-
-  ctx.log?.info?.(
-    `[${account.accountId}] Nostr provider started, connected to ${account.relays.length} relay(s)`,
-  );
-
-  return {
-    stop: () => {
-      bus.close();
-      activeBuses.delete(account.accountId);
-      metricsSnapshots.delete(account.accountId);
-      ctx.log?.info?.(`[${account.accountId}] Nostr provider stopped`);
-    },
-  };
 };
 
 export const nostrPairingTextAdapter = {
diff --git a/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-bus.inbound.test.ts b/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-bus.inbound.test.ts
index 512aa465204..c10d43fcc17 100644
--- a/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-bus.inbound.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-bus.inbound.test.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ const mockState = vi.hoisted(() => ({
     oneose?: () => void;
     onclose?: (reason: string[]) => void;
   } | null,
+  subscribeMany: vi.fn(),
+  close: vi.fn(),
   verifyEvent: vi.fn(() => true),
   decrypt: vi.fn(() => "plaintext"),
   publishProfile: vi.fn(async () => ({
@@ -23,14 +25,15 @@ const mockState = vi.hoisted(() => ({
 vi.mock("nostr-tools", () => {
   class MockSimplePool {
     subscribeMany(
-      _relays: string[],
-      _filters: unknown,
+      relays: string[],
+      filters: unknown,
       handlers: {
         onevent: (event: Record<string, unknown>) => void | Promise<void>;
         oneose?: () => void;
         onclose?: (reason: string[]) => void;
       },
     ) {
+      mockState.subscribeMany(relays, filters, handlers);
       mockState.handlers = handlers;
       return {
         close: vi.fn(),
@@ -38,6 +41,10 @@ vi.mock("nostr-tools", () => {
     }
 
     publish = vi.fn(async () => {});
+
+    close(relays: string[]) {
+      mockState.close(relays);
+    }
   }
 
   return {
@@ -91,6 +98,8 @@ async function emitEvent(event: Record<string, unknown>) {
 describe("startNostrBus inbound guards", () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     mockState.handlers = null;
+    mockState.subscribeMany.mockClear();
+    mockState.close.mockClear();
     mockState.verifyEvent.mockClear();
     mockState.verifyEvent.mockReturnValue(true);
     mockState.decrypt.mockClear();
@@ -101,6 +110,40 @@ describe("startNostrBus inbound guards", () => {
     mockState.handlers = null;
   });
 
+  it("subscribes to DMs with a single Nostr filter object", async () => {
+    const bus = await startNostrBus({
+      privateKey: TEST_HEX_PRIVATE_KEY,
+      onMessage: vi.fn(async () => {}),
+      onMetric: () => {},
+    });
+
+    expect(mockState.subscribeMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    const filters = mockState.subscribeMany.mock.calls[0]?.[1];
+    expect(Array.isArray(filters)).toBe(false);
+    expect(filters).toMatchObject({
+      kinds: [4],
+      "#p": [BOT_PUBKEY],
+      since: 0,
+    });
+
+    bus.close();
+  });
+
+  it("closes the relay pool when the bus closes", async () => {
+    const bus = await startNostrBus({
+      privateKey: TEST_HEX_PRIVATE_KEY,
+      relays: ["wss://relay.example"],
+      onMessage: vi.fn(async () => {}),
+      onMetric: () => {},
+    });
+
+    bus.close();
+
+    await vi.waitFor(() => {
+      expect(mockState.close).toHaveBeenCalledWith(["wss://relay.example"]);
+    });
+  });
+
   it("checks sender authorization after verify and before decrypt", async () => {
     const onMessage = vi.fn(async () => {});
     const authorizeSender = vi.fn(async () => "block" as const);
diff --git a/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-bus.ts b/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-bus.ts
index 4ff45c66917..b01480aba1a 100644
--- a/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-bus.ts
+++ b/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-bus.ts
@@ -614,28 +614,27 @@ export async function startNostrBus(options: NostrBusOptions): Promise<NostrBusH
     }
   }
 
-  const sub = pool.subscribeMany(
-    relays,
-    [{ kinds: [4], "#p": [pk], since }] as unknown as Parameters<typeof pool.subscribeMany>[1],
-    {
-      onevent: handleEvent,
-      oneose: () => {
-        // EOSE handler - called when all stored events have been received
-        for (const relay of relays) {
-          metrics.emit("relay.message.eose", 1, { relay });
-        }
-        onEose?.(relays.join(", "));
-      },
-      onclose: (reason) => {
-        // Handle subscription close
-        for (const relay of relays) {
-          metrics.emit("relay.message.closed", 1, { relay });
-          options.onDisconnect?.(relay);
-        }
-        onError?.(new Error(`Subscription closed: ${reason.join(", ")}`), "subscription");
-      },
+  const dmFilter = { kinds: [4], "#p": [pk], since } satisfies Parameters<
+    typeof pool.subscribeMany
+  >[1];
+  const sub = pool.subscribeMany(relays, dmFilter, {
+    onevent: handleEvent,
+    oneose: () => {
+      // EOSE handler - called when all stored events have been received
+      for (const relay of relays) {
+        metrics.emit("relay.message.eose", 1, { relay });
+      }
+      onEose?.(relays.join(", "));
     },
-  );
+    onclose: (reason) => {
+      // Handle subscription close
+      for (const relay of relays) {
+        metrics.emit("relay.message.closed", 1, { relay });
+        options.onDisconnect?.(relay);
+      }
+      onError?.(new Error(`Subscription closed: ${reason.join(", ")}`), "subscription");
+    },
+  });
 
   // Public sendDm function
   const sendDm = async (toPubkey: string, text: string): Promise<void> => {
@@ -694,6 +693,7 @@ export async function startNostrBus(options: NostrBusOptions): Promise<NostrBusH
   return {
     close: () => {
       sub.close();
+      setTimeout(() => pool.close(relays), 0);
       seen.stop();
       perSenderRateLimiter.clear();
       globalRateLimiter.clear();
diff --git a/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-profile-import.test.ts b/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-profile-import.test.ts
index 44ba43394ba..965e1717363 100644
--- a/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-profile-import.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-profile-import.test.ts
@@ -2,14 +2,69 @@
  * Tests for Nostr Profile Import
  */
 
-import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
+import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { NostrProfile } from "./config-schema.js";
-import { mergeProfiles } from "./nostr-profile-import.js";
+import { importProfileFromRelays, mergeProfiles } from "./nostr-profile-import.js";
 
-// Note: importProfileFromRelays requires real network calls or complex mocking
-// of nostr-tools SimplePool, so we focus on unit testing mergeProfiles
+const mockState = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  subscribeMany: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock("nostr-tools", () => {
+  class MockSimplePool {
+    subscribeMany(
+      relays: string[],
+      filters: unknown,
+      handlers: {
+        onevent: (event: Record<string, unknown>) => void;
+        oneose?: () => void;
+        onclose?: () => void;
+      },
+    ) {
+      mockState.subscribeMany(relays, filters, handlers);
+      queueMicrotask(() => handlers.oneose?.());
+      return {
+        close: vi.fn(),
+      };
+    }
+
+    close = vi.fn();
+  }
+
+  return {
+    SimplePool: MockSimplePool,
+    verifyEvent: vi.fn(() => true),
+  };
+});
+
+// Mock SimplePool so importProfileFromRelays can assert the relay subscription shape.
 
 describe("nostr-profile-import", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    mockState.subscribeMany.mockClear();
+  });
+
+  describe("importProfileFromRelays", () => {
+    it("subscribes to profiles with a single Nostr filter object", async () => {
+      const pubkey = "a".repeat(64);
+
+      await importProfileFromRelays({
+        pubkey,
+        relays: ["wss://relay.example"],
+        timeoutMs: 1,
+      });
+
+      expect(mockState.subscribeMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      const filters = mockState.subscribeMany.mock.calls[0]?.[1];
+      expect(Array.isArray(filters)).toBe(false);
+      expect(filters).toMatchObject({
+        kinds: [0],
+        authors: [pubkey],
+        limit: 1,
+      });
+    });
+  });
+
   describe("mergeProfiles", () => {
     it("returns empty object when both are undefined", () => {
       const result = mergeProfiles(undefined, undefined);
diff --git a/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-profile-import.ts b/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-profile-import.ts
index 4600f61d38c..bb4897b0279 100644
--- a/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-profile-import.ts
+++ b/extensions/nostr/src/nostr-profile-import.ts
@@ -122,33 +122,29 @@ export async function importProfileFromRelays(
       for (const relay of relays) {
         relaysQueried.push(relay);
 
-        const sub = pool.subscribeMany(
-          [relay],
-          [
-            {
-              kinds: [0],
-              authors: [pubkey],
-              limit: 1,
-            },
-          ] as unknown as Parameters<typeof pool.subscribeMany>[1],
-          {
-            onevent(event) {
-              events.push({ event, relay });
-            },
-            oneose() {
-              completed++;
-              if (completed >= relays.length) {
-                resolve();
-              }
-            },
-            onclose() {
-              completed++;
-              if (completed >= relays.length) {
-                resolve();
-              }
-            },
+        const profileFilter = {
+          kinds: [0],
+          authors: [pubkey],
+          limit: 1,
+        } satisfies Parameters<typeof pool.subscribeMany>[1];
+
+        const sub = pool.subscribeMany([relay], profileFilter, {
+          onevent(event) {
+            events.push({ event, relay });
           },
-        );
+          oneose() {
+            completed++;
+            if (completed >= relays.length) {
+              resolve();
+            }
+          },
+          onclose() {
+            completed++;
+            if (completed >= relays.length) {
+              resolve();
+            }
+          },
+        });
 
         // Clean up subscription after timeout
         setTimeout(() => {