diff --git a/scripts/e2e/bun-global-install-smoke.sh b/scripts/e2e/bun-global-install-smoke.sh
index 8638ecc6f2a..9bc3e2910e6 100755
--- a/scripts/e2e/bun-global-install-smoke.sh
+++ b/scripts/e2e/bun-global-install-smoke.sh
@@ -24,34 +24,7 @@ trap cleanup EXIT
 run_with_timeout() {
   local timeout_ms="$1"
   shift
-  node - "$timeout_ms" "$@" <<'NODE'
-const { spawnSync } = require("node:child_process");
-
-const timeout = Number(process.argv[2]);
-const command = process.argv[3];
-const args = process.argv.slice(4);
-const result = spawnSync(command, args, {
-  encoding: "utf8",
-  env: process.env,
-  timeout,
-});
-
-if (result.stdout) {
-  process.stdout.write(result.stdout);
-}
-if (result.stderr) {
-  process.stderr.write(result.stderr);
-}
-if (result.error) {
-  console.error(`command failed: ${command}: ${result.error.message}`);
-  process.exit(1);
-}
-if (result.signal) {
-  console.error(`command terminated: ${command}: ${result.signal}`);
-  process.exit(1);
-}
-process.exit(result.status ?? 0);
-NODE
+  node scripts/e2e/lib/bun-global-install/assertions.mjs run-with-timeout "$timeout_ms" "$@"
 }
 
 restore_dist_from_image() {
@@ -163,29 +136,7 @@ main() {
   echo "==> OpenClaw image providers through Bun global install"
   local providers_json
   providers_json="$(run_with_timeout "$COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MS" "$openclaw_bin" infer image providers --json)"
-  OPENCLAW_IMAGE_PROVIDERS_JSON="$providers_json" node - <<'NODE'
-const raw = process.env.OPENCLAW_IMAGE_PROVIDERS_JSON ?? "";
-let parsed;
-try {
-  parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
-} catch (error) {
-  console.error(raw);
-  throw new Error(`image providers output is not JSON: ${error.message}`);
-}
-if (!Array.isArray(parsed)) {
-  throw new Error("image providers output must be a JSON array");
-}
-if (parsed.length === 0) {
-  throw new Error("image providers output is empty");
-}
-const ids = new Set(parsed.map((entry) => entry && typeof entry.id === "string" ? entry.id : ""));
-for (const expected of ["google", "openai", "xai"]) {
-  if (!ids.has(expected)) {
-    throw new Error(`image providers output is missing bundled provider '${expected}'`);
-  }
-}
-console.log(`bun-global-install-smoke: image providers OK (${parsed.length} providers)`);
-NODE
+  OPENCLAW_IMAGE_PROVIDERS_JSON="$providers_json" node scripts/e2e/lib/bun-global-install/assertions.mjs assert-image-providers
 }
 
 main "$@"
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/lib/bun-global-install/assertions.mjs b/scripts/e2e/lib/bun-global-install/assertions.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..604969dd6ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/e2e/lib/bun-global-install/assertions.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { spawnSync } from "node:child_process";
+
+const usage = () => {
+  console.error("Usage: assertions.mjs <run-with-timeout|assert-image-providers> [...]");
+  process.exit(2);
+};
+
+const [mode, ...args] = process.argv.slice(2);
+
+if (mode === "run-with-timeout") {
+  const [timeoutMs, command, ...commandArgs] = args;
+  const timeout = Number(timeoutMs);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(timeout) || timeout <= 0 || !command) {
+    usage();
+  }
+
+  const result = spawnSync(command, commandArgs, { encoding: "utf8", env: process.env, timeout });
+  process.stdout.write(result.stdout ?? "");
+  process.stderr.write(result.stderr ?? "");
+  if (result.error) {
+    console.error(`command failed: ${command}: ${result.error.message}`);
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+  if (result.signal) {
+    console.error(`command terminated: ${command}: ${result.signal}`);
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+  process.exit(result.status ?? 0);
+}
+
+if (mode === "assert-image-providers") {
+  const raw = process.env.OPENCLAW_IMAGE_PROVIDERS_JSON ?? "";
+  let parsed;
+  try {
+    parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error(raw);
+    const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+    throw new Error(`image providers output is not JSON: ${message}`, { cause: error });
+  }
+  if (!Array.isArray(parsed)) {
+    throw new Error("image providers output must be a JSON array");
+  }
+  if (parsed.length === 0) {
+    throw new Error("image providers output is empty");
+  }
+  const ids = new Set(parsed.map((entry) => (typeof entry?.id === "string" ? entry.id : "")));
+  for (const expected of ["google", "openai", "xai"]) {
+    if (!ids.has(expected)) {
+      throw new Error(`image providers output is missing bundled provider '${expected}'`);
+    }
+  }
+  console.log(`bun-global-install-smoke: image providers OK (${parsed.length} providers)`);
+  process.exit(0);
+}
+
+usage();
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/load-failure.sh b/scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/load-failure.sh
index 0babce01617..72438052ab4 100644
--- a/scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/load-failure.sh
+++ b/scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/load-failure.sh
@@ -24,60 +24,7 @@ bundled_channel_install_package /tmp/openclaw-load-failure-install.log
 
 root="$(bundled_channel_package_root)"
 plugin_dir="$root/dist/extensions/load-failure-alpha"
-mkdir -p "$plugin_dir"
-cat >"$plugin_dir/package.json" <<'JSON'
-{
-  "name": "@openclaw/load-failure-alpha",
-  "version": "2026.4.21",
-  "private": true,
-  "type": "module",
-  "openclaw": {
-    "extensions": ["./index.js"],
-    "setupEntry": "./setup-entry.js"
-  }
-}
-JSON
-cat >"$plugin_dir/openclaw.plugin.json" <<'JSON'
-{
-  "id": "load-failure-alpha",
-  "channels": ["load-failure-alpha"],
-  "configSchema": {
-    "type": "object",
-    "additionalProperties": false,
-    "properties": {}
-  }
-}
-JSON
-cat >"$plugin_dir/index.js" <<'JS'
-export default {
-  kind: "bundled-channel-entry",
-  id: "load-failure-alpha",
-  name: "Load Failure Alpha",
-  description: "Load Failure Alpha",
-  register() {},
-  loadChannelSecrets() {
-    globalThis.__loadFailureSecrets = (globalThis.__loadFailureSecrets ?? 0) + 1;
-    throw new Error("synthetic channel secrets failure");
-  },
-  loadChannelPlugin() {
-    globalThis.__loadFailurePlugin = (globalThis.__loadFailurePlugin ?? 0) + 1;
-    throw new Error("synthetic channel plugin failure");
-  }
-};
-JS
-cat >"$plugin_dir/setup-entry.js" <<'JS'
-export default {
-  kind: "bundled-channel-setup-entry",
-  loadSetupSecrets() {
-    globalThis.__loadFailureSetupSecrets = (globalThis.__loadFailureSetupSecrets ?? 0) + 1;
-    throw new Error("synthetic setup secrets failure");
-  },
-  loadSetupPlugin() {
-    globalThis.__loadFailureSetup = (globalThis.__loadFailureSetup ?? 0) + 1;
-    throw new Error("synthetic setup plugin failure");
-  }
-};
-JS
+node scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/write-load-failure-fixture.mjs "$plugin_dir"
 
 echo "Loading synthetic failing bundled channel through packaged loader..."
 node scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/loader-probe.mjs load-failure "$root" load-failure-alpha
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/write-load-failure-fixture.mjs b/scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/write-load-failure-fixture.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9f022ec38c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/e2e/lib/bundled-channel/write-load-failure-fixture.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import fs from "node:fs";
+import path from "node:path";
+
+const [pluginDir] = process.argv.slice(2);
+if (!pluginDir) {
+  throw new Error("usage: write-load-failure-fixture.mjs <plugin-dir>");
+}
+
+const writeJson = (filename, contents) =>
+  fs.writeFileSync(path.join(pluginDir, filename), `${JSON.stringify(contents, null, 2)}\n`);
+
+fs.mkdirSync(pluginDir, { recursive: true });
+writeJson("package.json", {
+  name: "@openclaw/load-failure-alpha",
+  version: "2026.4.21",
+  private: true,
+  type: "module",
+  openclaw: { extensions: ["./index.js"], setupEntry: "./setup-entry.js" },
+});
+writeJson("openclaw.plugin.json", {
+  id: "load-failure-alpha",
+  channels: ["load-failure-alpha"],
+  configSchema: { type: "object", additionalProperties: false, properties: {} },
+});
+fs.writeFileSync(
+  path.join(pluginDir, "index.js"),
+  `export default {
+  kind: "bundled-channel-entry", id: "load-failure-alpha", name: "Load Failure Alpha", description: "Load Failure Alpha", register() {},
+  loadChannelSecrets() { globalThis.__loadFailureSecrets = (globalThis.__loadFailureSecrets ?? 0) + 1; throw new Error("synthetic channel secrets failure"); },
+  loadChannelPlugin() { globalThis.__loadFailurePlugin = (globalThis.__loadFailurePlugin ?? 0) + 1; throw new Error("synthetic channel plugin failure"); }
+};
+`,
+);
+fs.writeFileSync(
+  path.join(pluginDir, "setup-entry.js"),
+  `export default {
+  kind: "bundled-channel-setup-entry",
+  loadSetupSecrets() { globalThis.__loadFailureSetupSecrets = (globalThis.__loadFailureSetupSecrets ?? 0) + 1; throw new Error("synthetic setup secrets failure"); },
+  loadSetupPlugin() { globalThis.__loadFailureSetup = (globalThis.__loadFailureSetup ?? 0) + 1; throw new Error("synthetic setup plugin failure"); }
+};
+`,
+);
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/scenario.sh b/scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/scenario.sh
index 09e8a193ad1..05af48765aa 100644
--- a/scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/scenario.sh
+++ b/scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/scenario.sh
@@ -161,6 +161,13 @@ run_wizard() {
   run_wizard_cmd "$case_name" "$state_ref" "node \"$OPENCLAW_ENTRY\" onboard $ONBOARD_FLAGS" "$send_fn" true "$validate_fn"
 }
 
+assert_onboard_config() {
+  local scenario="$1"
+  shift
+  openclaw_e2e_assert_file "$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH"
+  node scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/assert-config.mjs "$scenario" "$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH" "$@"
+}
+
 set_isolated_openclaw_env() {
   local state_ref="$1"
   openclaw_test_state_create "$state_ref" empty
@@ -230,16 +237,14 @@ run_case_local_basic() {
 
   # Assert config + workspace scaffolding.
   workspace_dir="$OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR/workspace"
-  config_path="$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH"
   sessions_dir="$OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR/agents/main/sessions"
 
-  openclaw_e2e_assert_file "$config_path"
   openclaw_e2e_assert_dir "$sessions_dir"
   for file in AGENTS.md BOOTSTRAP.md IDENTITY.md SOUL.md TOOLS.md USER.md; do
     openclaw_e2e_assert_file "$workspace_dir/$file"
   done
 
-  node scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/assert-config.mjs local-basic "$config_path" "$workspace_dir"
+  assert_onboard_config local-basic "$workspace_dir"
 
 }
 
@@ -253,25 +258,12 @@ run_case_remote_non_interactive() {
     --skip-skills \
     --skip-health
 
-  config_path="$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH"
-  openclaw_e2e_assert_file "$config_path"
-
-  node scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/assert-config.mjs remote-non-interactive "$config_path"
+  assert_onboard_config remote-non-interactive
 }
 
 run_case_reset() {
   set_isolated_openclaw_env reset-config
-  # Seed a remote config to exercise reset path.
-  cat >"$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH" <<'JSON'
-{
-"meta": {},
-"agents": { "defaults": { "workspace": "/root/old" } },
-"gateway": {
-  "mode": "remote",
-  "remote": { "url": "ws://old.example:18789", "token": "old-token" }
-}
-}
-JSON
+  node scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/write-config.mjs reset "$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH"
 
   openclaw_e2e_run_logged reset-config node "$OPENCLAW_ENTRY" onboard \
     --non-interactive \
@@ -285,43 +277,25 @@ JSON
     --skip-ui \
     --skip-health
 
-  config_path="$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH"
-  openclaw_e2e_assert_file "$config_path"
-
-  node scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/assert-config.mjs reset "$config_path"
+  assert_onboard_config reset
 }
 
 run_case_channels() {
   # Channels-only configure flow.
   run_wizard_cmd channels channels "node \"$OPENCLAW_ENTRY\" configure --section channels" send_channels_flow
 
-  config_path="$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH"
-  openclaw_e2e_assert_file "$config_path"
-
-  node scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/assert-config.mjs channels "$config_path"
+  assert_onboard_config channels
 }
 
 run_case_skills() {
   local home_dir
   set_isolated_openclaw_env skills
   home_dir="$HOME"
-  # Seed skills config to ensure it survives the wizard.
-  cat >"$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH" <<'JSON'
-{
-"meta": {},
-"skills": {
-  "allowBundled": ["__none__"],
-  "install": { "nodeManager": "bun" }
-}
-}
-JSON
+  node scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/write-config.mjs skills "$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH"
 
   run_wizard_cmd skills "$home_dir" "node \"$OPENCLAW_ENTRY\" configure --section skills" send_skills_flow
 
-  config_path="$OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH"
-  openclaw_e2e_assert_file "$config_path"
-
-  node scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/assert-config.mjs skills "$config_path"
+  assert_onboard_config skills
 }
 
 validate_local_basic_log() {
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/write-config.mjs b/scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/write-config.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4c8cea29d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/e2e/lib/onboard/write-config.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import fs from "node:fs";
+
+const [scenario, configPath] = process.argv.slice(2);
+if (!scenario || !configPath) {
+  throw new Error("usage: write-config.mjs <reset|skills> <config-path>");
+}
+
+const config = {
+  reset: {
+    meta: {},
+    agents: { defaults: { workspace: "/root/old" } },
+    gateway: { mode: "remote", remote: { url: "ws://old.example:18789", token: "old-token" } },
+  },
+  skills: { meta: {}, skills: { allowBundled: ["__none__"], install: { nodeManager: "bun" } } },
+}[scenario];
+if (!config) {
+  throw new Error(`unknown config scenario: ${scenario}`);
+}
+
+fs.writeFileSync(configPath, `${JSON.stringify(config, null, 2)}\n`);