diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/bot.command-menu.test.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/bot.command-menu.test.ts
index 288c38b302b..45f0ebe6239 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/bot.command-menu.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/bot.command-menu.test.ts
@@ -49,6 +49,16 @@ function resolveSkillCommands(config: Parameters<typeof listNativeCommandSpecsFo
   >["skillCommands"];
 }
 
+function countMatching<T>(items: readonly T[], predicate: (item: T) => boolean): number {
+  let count = 0;
+  for (const item of items) {
+    if (predicate(item)) {
+      count += 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
 describe("createTelegramBot command menu", () => {
   beforeAll(async () => {
     ({ normalizeTelegramCommandName } = await import("./command-config.js"));
@@ -175,7 +185,8 @@ describe("createTelegramBot command menu", () => {
     }
     expect(registered).toContainEqual({ command: "custom_backup", description: "Git backup" });
     expect(registered).not.toContainEqual({ command: "status", description: "Custom status" });
-    expect(registered.filter((command) => command.command === "status")).toEqual([nativeStatus]);
+    expect(registered.find((command) => command.command === "status")).toEqual(nativeStatus);
+    expect(countMatching(registered, (command) => command.command === "status")).toBe(1);
     expect(errorSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
diff --git a/extensions/zalo/src/monitor.polling.media-reply.test.ts b/extensions/zalo/src/monitor.polling.media-reply.test.ts
index 9fe4b91fc11..144d487792e 100644
--- a/extensions/zalo/src/monitor.polling.media-reply.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/zalo/src/monitor.polling.media-reply.test.ts
@@ -79,6 +79,16 @@ function createHostedMediaResponse() {
   return { headers, res: res as unknown as ServerResponse & { end: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn> } };
 }
 
+function countMatching<T>(items: readonly T[], predicate: (item: T) => boolean): number {
+  let count = 0;
+  for (const item of items) {
+    if (predicate(item)) {
+      count += 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
 describe("Zalo polling media replies", () => {
   const finalizeInboundContextMock = vi.fn((ctx: Record<string, unknown>) => ctx);
   const recordInboundSessionMock = vi.fn(async () => undefined);
@@ -335,9 +345,12 @@ describe("Zalo polling media replies", () => {
 
       firstAbort.abort();
       await firstRun;
-      expect(registry.httpRoutes.filter((route) => route.source === "zalo-hosted-media")).toEqual([
+      expect(registry.httpRoutes.find((route) => route.source === "zalo-hosted-media")).toEqual(
         hostedMediaRoute,
-      ]);
+      );
+      expect(
+        countMatching(registry.httpRoutes, (route) => route.source === "zalo-hosted-media"),
+      ).toBe(1);
 
       await writeHostedZaloMediaFixture({
         id: "def456def456def456def456",
diff --git a/src/daemon/launchd.test.ts b/src/daemon/launchd.test.ts
index 01aa3fadd2a..a9543489766 100644
--- a/src/daemon/launchd.test.ts
+++ b/src/daemon/launchd.test.ts
@@ -55,6 +55,16 @@ const cleanStaleGatewayProcessesSync = vi.hoisted(() =>
 );
 const defaultProgramArguments = ["node", "-e", "process.exit(0)"];
 
+function countMatching<T>(items: readonly T[], predicate: (item: T) => boolean): number {
+  let count = 0;
+  for (const item of items) {
+    if (predicate(item)) {
+      count += 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
 function createDefaultLaunchdEnv(): Record<string, string | undefined> {
   return {
     HOME: "/Users/test",
@@ -417,9 +427,11 @@ describe("launchd bootstrap repair", () => {
 
     const { serviceId } = expectLaunchctlEnableBootstrapOrder(env);
     expect(repair).toEqual({ ok: true, status: "already-loaded" });
-    expect(state.launchctlCalls.filter((call) => call[0] === "kickstart")).toEqual([
-      ["kickstart", serviceId],
+    expect(state.launchctlCalls.find((call) => call[0] === "kickstart")).toEqual([
+      "kickstart",
+      serviceId,
     ]);
+    expect(countMatching(state.launchctlCalls, (call) => call[0] === "kickstart")).toBe(1);
   });
 
   it("skips kickstart when already-loaded service is actively running", async () => {
@@ -443,9 +455,11 @@ describe("launchd bootstrap repair", () => {
 
     const { serviceId } = expectLaunchctlEnableBootstrapOrder(env);
     expect(repair).toEqual({ ok: true, status: "already-loaded" });
-    expect(state.launchctlCalls.filter((call) => call[0] === "kickstart")).toEqual([
-      ["kickstart", serviceId],
+    expect(state.launchctlCalls.find((call) => call[0] === "kickstart")).toEqual([
+      "kickstart",
+      serviceId,
     ]);
+    expect(countMatching(state.launchctlCalls, (call) => call[0] === "kickstart")).toBe(1);
   });
 
   it("keeps genuine bootstrap failures as failures", async () => {
diff --git a/src/plugins/discovery.test.ts b/src/plugins/discovery.test.ts
index addcab16112..91fffd3e56c 100644
--- a/src/plugins/discovery.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/discovery.test.ts
@@ -28,6 +28,16 @@ function makeTempDir() {
 
 const mkdirSafe = mkdirSafeDir;
 
+function countMatching<T>(items: readonly T[], predicate: (item: T) => boolean): number {
+  let count = 0;
+  for (const item of items) {
+    if (predicate(item)) {
+      count += 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
 function withOpenClawPackageArgv<T>(packageRoot: string, fn: () => T): T {
   mkdirSafe(path.join(packageRoot, "bin"));
   fs.writeFileSync(path.join(packageRoot, "package.json"), '{"name":"openclaw"}\n', "utf-8");
@@ -591,9 +601,10 @@ describe("discoverOpenClawPlugins", () => {
       }),
     );
 
-    expect(candidates.filter((candidate) => candidate.idHint === "feishu")).toEqual([
+    expect(candidates.find((candidate) => candidate.idHint === "feishu")).toEqual(
       expect.objectContaining({ origin: "bundled" }),
-    ]);
+    );
+    expect(countMatching(candidates, (candidate) => candidate.idHint === "feishu")).toBe(1);
     expect(diagnostics).toEqual([
       expect.objectContaining({
         level: "warn",
@@ -628,9 +639,10 @@ describe("discoverOpenClawPlugins", () => {
       }),
     );
 
-    expect(candidates.filter((candidate) => candidate.idHint === "telegram")).toEqual([
+    expect(candidates.find((candidate) => candidate.idHint === "telegram")).toEqual(
       expect.objectContaining({ origin: "bundled" }),
-    ]);
+    );
+    expect(countMatching(candidates, (candidate) => candidate.idHint === "telegram")).toBe(1);
     expect(diagnostics).toEqual([
       expect.objectContaining({
         level: "warn",
@@ -725,13 +737,14 @@ describe("discoverOpenClawPlugins", () => {
       }),
     );
 
-    expect(candidates.filter((candidate) => candidate.idHint === "synology-chat")).toEqual([
+    expect(candidates.find((candidate) => candidate.idHint === "synology-chat")).toEqual(
       expect.objectContaining({
         origin: "bundled",
         rootDir: fs.realpathSync(bundledPluginDir),
         source: fs.realpathSync(bundledEntryPath),
       }),
-    ]);
+    );
+    expect(countMatching(candidates, (candidate) => candidate.idHint === "synology-chat")).toBe(1);
     expect(diagnostics).toEqual([]);
   });