diff --git a/extensions/discord/src/approval-native.ts b/extensions/discord/src/approval-native.ts
index a1b522283c5..9e3e0da48c1 100644
--- a/extensions/discord/src/approval-native.ts
+++ b/extensions/discord/src/approval-native.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { createLazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-handler-adapter-runtime";
+import type { ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-handler-runtime";
 import { resolveApprovalRequestSessionConversation } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-native-runtime";
 import type { DiscordExecApprovalConfig, OpenClawConfig } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/config-runtime";
 import type { ExecApprovalRequest, PluginApprovalRequest } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/infra-runtime";
@@ -239,7 +240,8 @@ export function createDiscordApprovalCapability(configOverride?: DiscordExecAppr
           configOverride,
         }),
       load: async () =>
-        (await import("./approval-handler.runtime.js")).discordApprovalNativeRuntime,
+        (await import("./approval-handler.runtime.js"))
+          .discordApprovalNativeRuntime as unknown as ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter,
     }),
   });
 }
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/approval-handler.runtime.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/approval-handler.runtime.ts
index 3fd6aa74f26..051793eecf1 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/approval-handler.runtime.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/approval-handler.runtime.ts
@@ -223,7 +223,8 @@ export const matrixApprovalNativeRuntime = createChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAda
   PendingApprovalContent,
   PreparedMatrixTarget,
   PendingMessage,
-  ReactionTargetRef
+  ReactionTargetRef,
+  string
 >({
   eventKinds: ["exec", "plugin"],
   availability: {
@@ -330,7 +331,7 @@ export const matrixApprovalNativeRuntime = createChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAda
       if (!primaryMessageId) {
         return;
       }
-      const text = payload as string;
+      const text = payload;
       await Promise.allSettled([
         editMessage(entry.roomId, primaryMessageId, text, {
           cfg: cfg as CoreConfig,
diff --git a/extensions/matrix/src/approval-native.ts b/extensions/matrix/src/approval-native.ts
index dc1c2439e1e..93d5b8c28ed 100644
--- a/extensions/matrix/src/approval-native.ts
+++ b/extensions/matrix/src/approval-native.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import {
   splitChannelApprovalCapability,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-delivery-runtime";
 import { createLazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-handler-adapter-runtime";
+import type { ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-handler-runtime";
 import {
   createChannelNativeOriginTargetResolver,
   resolveApprovalRequestSessionConversation,
@@ -237,7 +238,9 @@ const matrixNativeApprovalCapability = createApproverRestrictedNativeApprovalCap
         accountId,
         request,
       }),
-    load: async () => (await import("./approval-handler.runtime.js")).matrixApprovalNativeRuntime,
+    load: async () =>
+      (await import("./approval-handler.runtime.js"))
+        .matrixApprovalNativeRuntime as unknown as ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter,
   }),
 });
 
diff --git a/extensions/slack/src/approval-handler.runtime.test.ts b/extensions/slack/src/approval-handler.runtime.test.ts
index 22675d9f1db..2270dd0411a 100644
--- a/extensions/slack/src/approval-handler.runtime.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/slack/src/approval-handler.runtime.test.ts
@@ -103,8 +103,6 @@ describe("slackApprovalNativeRuntime", () => {
     }
     expect(result.payload.text).toContain("*Exec approval: Allowed once*");
     expect(result.payload.text).toContain("Resolved by <@U123APPROVER>.");
-    expect(
-      (result.payload.blocks as Array<{ type?: string }>).some((block) => block.type === "actions"),
-    ).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.payload.blocks.some((block) => block.type === "actions")).toBe(false);
   });
 });
diff --git a/extensions/slack/src/approval-handler.runtime.ts b/extensions/slack/src/approval-handler.runtime.ts
index 5c345237b26..8eb43046267 100644
--- a/extensions/slack/src/approval-handler.runtime.ts
+++ b/extensions/slack/src/approval-handler.runtime.ts
@@ -229,7 +229,8 @@ export const slackApprovalNativeRuntime = createChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdap
   SlackPendingDelivery,
   { to: string; threadTs?: string },
   SlackPendingApproval,
-  never
+  never,
+  SlackPendingDelivery
 >({
   eventKinds: ["exec"],
   availability: {
@@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ export const slackApprovalNativeRuntime = createChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdap
       if (!resolved) {
         return;
       }
-      const nextPayload = payload as SlackPendingDelivery;
+      const nextPayload = payload;
       await updateMessage({
         app: resolved.context.app,
         channelId: entry.channelId,
diff --git a/extensions/slack/src/approval-native.ts b/extensions/slack/src/approval-native.ts
index dca5d896ef6..22363eaf263 100644
--- a/extensions/slack/src/approval-native.ts
+++ b/extensions/slack/src/approval-native.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import {
   splitChannelApprovalCapability,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-delivery-runtime";
 import { createLazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-handler-adapter-runtime";
+import type { ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-handler-runtime";
 import {
   createChannelApproverDmTargetResolver,
   createChannelNativeOriginTargetResolver,
@@ -183,7 +184,9 @@ export const slackApprovalCapability = createApproverRestrictedNativeApprovalCap
         accountId,
         request,
       }),
-    load: async () => (await import("./approval-handler.runtime.js")).slackApprovalNativeRuntime,
+    load: async () =>
+      (await import("./approval-handler.runtime.js"))
+        .slackApprovalNativeRuntime as unknown as ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter,
   }),
 });
 
diff --git a/extensions/telegram/src/approval-native.ts b/extensions/telegram/src/approval-native.ts
index e6ddc42d231..454590dd1b6 100644
--- a/extensions/telegram/src/approval-native.ts
+++ b/extensions/telegram/src/approval-native.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import {
   splitChannelApprovalCapability,
 } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-delivery-runtime";
 import { createLazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-handler-adapter-runtime";
+import type { ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/approval-handler-runtime";
 import {
   createChannelApproverDmTargetResolver,
   createChannelNativeOriginTargetResolver,
@@ -128,7 +129,9 @@ const telegramNativeApprovalCapability = createApproverRestrictedNativeApprovalC
         accountId,
         request,
       }),
-    load: async () => (await import("./approval-handler.runtime.js")).telegramApprovalNativeRuntime,
+    load: async () =>
+      (await import("./approval-handler.runtime.js"))
+        .telegramApprovalNativeRuntime as unknown as ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter,
   }),
 });
 
diff --git a/src/infra/approval-handler-adapter-runtime.ts b/src/infra/approval-handler-adapter-runtime.ts
index 90a513de07b..505536f35f5 100644
--- a/src/infra/approval-handler-adapter-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/infra/approval-handler-adapter-runtime.ts
@@ -7,29 +7,75 @@ import type { ExecApprovalChannelRuntimeEventKind } from "./exec-approval-channe
 
 export const CHANNEL_APPROVAL_NATIVE_RUNTIME_CONTEXT_CAPABILITY = "approval.native";
 
-type LazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeParams = {
-  load: () => Promise<ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter>;
+export function createLazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+  TPendingPayload = unknown,
+  TPreparedTarget = unknown,
+  TPendingEntry = unknown,
+  TBinding = unknown,
+  TFinalPayload = unknown,
+>(params: {
+  load: () => Promise<
+    ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+      TPendingPayload,
+      TPreparedTarget,
+      TPendingEntry,
+      TBinding,
+      TFinalPayload
+    >
+  >;
   isConfigured: ChannelApprovalNativeAvailabilityAdapter["isConfigured"];
   shouldHandle: ChannelApprovalNativeAvailabilityAdapter["shouldHandle"];
   eventKinds?: readonly ExecApprovalChannelRuntimeEventKind[];
   resolveApprovalKind?: ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter["resolveApprovalKind"];
-};
-
-export function createLazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter(
-  params: LazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeParams,
-): ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter {
+}): ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+  TPendingPayload,
+  TPreparedTarget,
+  TPendingEntry,
+  TBinding,
+  TFinalPayload
+> {
   const loadRuntime = createLazyRuntimeModule(params.load);
-  let loadedRuntime: ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter | null = null;
-  const loadResolvedRuntime = async (): Promise<ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter> => {
+  let loadedRuntime: ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+    TPendingPayload,
+    TPreparedTarget,
+    TPendingEntry,
+    TBinding,
+    TFinalPayload
+  > | null = null;
+  const loadResolvedRuntime = async (): Promise<
+    ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+      TPendingPayload,
+      TPreparedTarget,
+      TPendingEntry,
+      TBinding,
+      TFinalPayload
+    >
+  > => {
     const runtime = await loadRuntime();
     loadedRuntime = runtime;
     return runtime;
   };
   const loadRequired = async <TResult>(
-    select: (runtime: ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter) => TResult,
+    select: (
+      runtime: ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+        TPendingPayload,
+        TPreparedTarget,
+        TPendingEntry,
+        TBinding,
+        TFinalPayload
+      >,
+    ) => TResult,
   ): Promise<TResult> => select(await loadResolvedRuntime());
   const loadOptional = async <TResult>(
-    select: (runtime: ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter) => TResult | undefined,
+    select: (
+      runtime: ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+        TPendingPayload,
+        TPreparedTarget,
+        TPendingEntry,
+        TBinding,
+        TFinalPayload
+      >,
+    ) => TResult | undefined,
   ): Promise<TResult | undefined> => select(await loadResolvedRuntime());
 
   return {
@@ -63,7 +109,8 @@ export function createLazyChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter(
     },
     interactions: {
       bindPending: async (runtimeParams) =>
-        (await loadOptional((runtime) => runtime.interactions?.bindPending))?.(runtimeParams),
+        (await loadOptional((runtime) => runtime.interactions?.bindPending))?.(runtimeParams) ??
+        null,
       unbindPending: async (runtimeParams) =>
         await (
           await loadOptional((runtime) => runtime.interactions?.unbindPending)
diff --git a/src/infra/approval-handler-runtime.ts b/src/infra/approval-handler-runtime.ts
index 39282d67205..3feca4ae41e 100644
--- a/src/infra/approval-handler-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/infra/approval-handler-runtime.ts
@@ -222,13 +222,24 @@ export type ChannelApprovalNativeObserveAdapter<
   ) => void;
 };
 
-export type ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter = {
+export type ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+  TPendingPayload = unknown,
+  TPreparedTarget = unknown,
+  TPendingEntry = unknown,
+  TBinding = unknown,
+  TFinalPayload = unknown,
+> = {
   eventKinds?: readonly ExecApprovalChannelRuntimeEventKind[];
   resolveApprovalKind?: (request: ApprovalRequest) => ChannelApprovalKind;
   availability: ChannelApprovalNativeAvailabilityAdapter;
-  presentation: ChannelApprovalNativePresentationAdapter;
-  transport: ChannelApprovalNativeTransportAdapter;
-  interactions?: ChannelApprovalNativeInteractionAdapter;
+  presentation: ChannelApprovalNativePresentationAdapter<TPendingPayload, TFinalPayload>;
+  transport: ChannelApprovalNativeTransportAdapter<
+    TPreparedTarget,
+    TPendingEntry,
+    TPendingPayload,
+    TFinalPayload
+  >;
+  interactions?: ChannelApprovalNativeInteractionAdapter<TPendingEntry, TBinding>;
   observe?: ChannelApprovalNativeObserveAdapter;
 };
 
@@ -237,6 +248,7 @@ export type ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeSpec<
   TPreparedTarget,
   TPendingEntry,
   TBinding = unknown,
+  TFinalPayload = unknown,
   TPendingView extends PendingApprovalView = PendingApprovalView,
   TResolvedView extends ResolvedApprovalView = ResolvedApprovalView,
   TExpiredView extends ExpiredApprovalView = ExpiredApprovalView,
@@ -261,8 +273,8 @@ export type ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeSpec<
         entry: TPendingEntry;
       },
     ) =>
-      | ChannelApprovalNativeFinalAction<unknown>
-      | Promise<ChannelApprovalNativeFinalAction<unknown>>;
+      | ChannelApprovalNativeFinalAction<TFinalPayload>
+      | Promise<ChannelApprovalNativeFinalAction<TFinalPayload>>;
     buildExpiredResult: (
       params: ChannelApprovalCapabilityHandlerContext & {
         request: ApprovalRequest;
@@ -270,8 +282,8 @@ export type ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeSpec<
         entry: TPendingEntry;
       },
     ) =>
-      | ChannelApprovalNativeFinalAction<unknown>
-      | Promise<ChannelApprovalNativeFinalAction<unknown>>;
+      | ChannelApprovalNativeFinalAction<TFinalPayload>
+      | Promise<ChannelApprovalNativeFinalAction<TFinalPayload>>;
   };
   transport: {
     prepareTarget: (
@@ -299,7 +311,7 @@ export type ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeSpec<
     updateEntry?: (
       params: ChannelApprovalCapabilityHandlerContext & {
         entry: TPendingEntry;
-        payload: unknown;
+        payload: TFinalPayload;
         phase: "resolved" | "expired";
       },
     ) => Promise<void>;
@@ -487,6 +499,7 @@ export function createChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
   TPreparedTarget,
   TPendingEntry,
   TBinding = unknown,
+  TFinalPayload = unknown,
   TPendingView extends PendingApprovalView = PendingApprovalView,
   TResolvedView extends ResolvedApprovalView = ResolvedApprovalView,
   TExpiredView extends ExpiredApprovalView = ExpiredApprovalView,
@@ -496,11 +509,18 @@ export function createChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
     TPreparedTarget,
     TPendingEntry,
     TBinding,
+    TFinalPayload,
     TPendingView,
     TResolvedView,
     TExpiredView
   >,
-): ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter {
+): ChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
+  TPendingPayload,
+  TPreparedTarget,
+  TPendingEntry,
+  TBinding,
+  TFinalPayload
+> {
   return {
     ...(spec.eventKinds ? { eventKinds: spec.eventKinds } : {}),
     ...(spec.resolveApprovalKind ? { resolveApprovalKind: spec.resolveApprovalKind } : {}),
@@ -547,7 +567,7 @@ export function createChannelApprovalNativeRuntimeAdapter<
             ...(spec.interactions.bindPending
               ? {
                   bindPending: async (params) =>
-                    await spec.interactions?.bindPending?.(params as never),
+                    (await spec.interactions!.bindPending!(params as never)) ?? null,
                 }
               : {}),
             ...(spec.interactions.unbindPending
diff --git a/src/infra/net/fetch-guard.ssrf.test.ts b/src/infra/net/fetch-guard.ssrf.test.ts
index c5beb964650..4ad9d2c4774 100644
--- a/src/infra/net/fetch-guard.ssrf.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/net/fetch-guard.ssrf.test.ts
@@ -978,7 +978,9 @@ describe("fetchWithSsrFGuard hardening", () => {
       fetch: vi.fn(async () => okResponse()),
     };
     const lookupFn: LookupFn = vi.fn(async (hostname: string) => {
-      if (hostname === "localhost") return [{ address: "127.0.0.1", family: 4 }];
+      if (hostname === "localhost") {
+        return [{ address: "127.0.0.1", family: 4 }];
+      }
       return [{ address: "149.154.167.220", family: 4 }];
     }) as unknown as LookupFn;
     const fetchImpl = vi.fn(async () => okResponse());
@@ -1008,7 +1010,9 @@ describe("fetchWithSsrFGuard hardening", () => {
       fetch: vi.fn(async () => okResponse()),
     };
     const lookupFn: LookupFn = vi.fn(async (hostname: string) => {
-      if (hostname === "localhost") return [{ address: "127.0.0.1", family: 4 }];
+      if (hostname === "localhost") {
+        return [{ address: "127.0.0.1", family: 4 }];
+      }
       return [{ address: "149.154.167.220", family: 4 }];
     }) as unknown as LookupFn;
     const fetchImpl = vi.fn();