diff --git a/src/agents/models-config.e2e-harness.ts b/src/agents/models-config.e2e-harness.ts
index 3b451cea5b7..ff86e25c7a4 100644
--- a/src/agents/models-config.e2e-harness.ts
+++ b/src/agents/models-config.e2e-harness.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import type { MockFn } from "../test-utils/vitest-mock-fn.js";
 import { resolveImplicitProviders } from "./models-config.providers.implicit.js";
 
-export async function withModelsTempHome<T>(fn: (home: string) => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+export function withModelsTempHome<T>(fn: (home: string) => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
   return withTempHomeBase(fn, { prefix: "openclaw-models-" });
 }
 
@@ -145,10 +145,10 @@ export function snapshotImplicitProviderEnv(env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): NodeJS.Pro
   return snapshot;
 }
 
-export async function resolveImplicitProvidersForTest(
+export function resolveImplicitProvidersForTest(
   params: Parameters<typeof resolveImplicitProviders>[0],
 ) {
-  return await resolveImplicitProviders({
+  return resolveImplicitProviders({
     ...params,
     env: snapshotImplicitProviderEnv(params.env),
   });
diff --git a/src/agents/models-config.providers.chutes.test.ts b/src/agents/models-config.providers.chutes.test.ts
index a07e5469759..12d4db1c7f5 100644
--- a/src/agents/models-config.providers.chutes.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/models-config.providers.chutes.test.ts
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ async function resolveChutesProvidersForProfiles(
 ) {
   const agentDir = createTempAgentDir();
   await writeChutesAuthProfiles(agentDir, profiles);
-  return await resolveImplicitProvidersForTest({ agentDir, env });
+  return resolveImplicitProvidersForTest({ agentDir, env });
 }
 
 function expectChutesApiKeyProvider(
diff --git a/src/agents/models-config.providers.ollama.test.ts b/src/agents/models-config.providers.ollama.test.ts
index aa019492ce3..20581881959 100644
--- a/src/agents/models-config.providers.ollama.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/models-config.providers.ollama.test.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ describe("Ollama provider", () => {
   }
 
   async function resolveProvidersWithOllamaKey(agentDir: string) {
-    return await withOllamaApiKey(async () => await resolveImplicitProvidersForTest({ agentDir }));
+    return withOllamaApiKey(() => resolveImplicitProvidersForTest({ agentDir }));
   }
 
   const createTagModel = (name: string) => ({ name, modified_at: "", size: 1, digest: "" });