diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 7fb94fce77e..daa694d4664 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 
 - Gateway/Restart: fix restart-loop edge cases by keeping `openclaw.mjs -> dist/entry.js` bootstrap detection explicit, reacquiring the gateway lock for in-process restart fallback paths, and tightening restart-loop regression coverage. (#23416) Thanks @jeffwnli.
 - Signal/Monitor: treat user-initiated abort shutdowns as clean exits when auto-started `signal-cli` is terminated, while still surfacing unexpected daemon exits as startup/runtime failures. (#23379) Thanks @frankekn.
-- Channels/Dedupe: centralize plugin dedupe primitives in plugin SDK (memory + persistent), move Feishu inbound dedupe to a namespace-scoped persistent store, and reuse shared dedupe cache logic for Zalo webhook replay + Tlon processed-message tracking to reduce duplicate handling during reconnect/replay paths.
+- Channels/Dedupe: centralize plugin dedupe primitives in plugin SDK (memory + persistent), move Feishu inbound dedupe to a namespace-scoped persistent store, and reuse shared dedupe cache logic for Zalo webhook replay + Tlon processed-message tracking to reduce duplicate handling during reconnect/replay paths. (#23377) Thanks @SidQin-cyber.
 - ACP/Gateway: wait for gateway hello before opening ACP requests, and fail fast on pre-hello connect failures to avoid startup hangs and early `gateway not connected` request races. (#23390) Thanks @janckerchen.
 - Security/Audit: add `openclaw security audit` detection for open group policies that expose runtime/filesystem tools without sandbox/workspace guards (`security.exposure.open_groups_with_runtime_or_fs`).
 - Security/Exec env: block request-scoped `HOME` and `ZDOTDIR` overrides in host exec env sanitizers (Node + macOS), preventing shell startup-file execution before allowlist-evaluated command bodies. This ships in the next npm release. Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/dedup-store.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/dedup-store.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 86ca3a6353c..00000000000
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/dedup-store.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-import fs from "node:fs";
-import os from "node:os";
-import path from "node:path";
-
-const DEFAULT_DEDUP_DIR = path.join(os.homedir(), ".openclaw", "feishu", "dedup");
-const MAX_ENTRIES_PER_FILE = 10_000;
-const CLEANUP_PROBABILITY = 0.02;
-const CACHE_STALE_MS = 30_000;
-
-type DedupData = Record<string, number>;
-
-/**
- * Filesystem-backed dedup store.  Each "namespace" (typically a Feishu account
- * ID) maps to a single JSON file containing `{ messageId: timestampMs }` pairs.
- *
- * Writes use atomic rename to avoid partial-read corruption.  Probabilistic
- * cleanup keeps the file size bounded without adding latency to every call.
- */
-export class DedupStore {
-  private readonly dir: string;
-  private cache = new Map<string, DedupData>();
-  private cacheLoadedAt = new Map<string, number>();
-
-  constructor(dir?: string) {
-    this.dir = dir ?? DEFAULT_DEDUP_DIR;
-  }
-
-  private filePath(namespace: string): string {
-    const safe = namespace.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/g, "_");
-    return path.join(this.dir, `${safe}.json`);
-  }
-
-  async load(namespace: string): Promise<DedupData> {
-    const loadedAt = this.cacheLoadedAt.get(namespace);
-    if (loadedAt != null && Date.now() - loadedAt > CACHE_STALE_MS) {
-      this.cache.delete(namespace);
-      this.cacheLoadedAt.delete(namespace);
-    }
-
-    const cached = this.cache.get(namespace);
-    if (cached) return cached;
-
-    try {
-      const raw = await fs.promises.readFile(this.filePath(namespace), "utf-8");
-      const data: DedupData = JSON.parse(raw);
-      this.cache.set(namespace, data);
-      this.cacheLoadedAt.set(namespace, Date.now());
-      return data;
-    } catch {
-      const data: DedupData = {};
-      this.cache.set(namespace, data);
-      this.cacheLoadedAt.set(namespace, Date.now());
-      return data;
-    }
-  }
-
-  async has(namespace: string, messageId: string, ttlMs: number): Promise<boolean> {
-    const data = await this.load(namespace);
-    const ts = data[messageId];
-    if (ts == null) return false;
-    if (Date.now() - ts > ttlMs) {
-      // Expired — treat as absent.  Skip the delete here to avoid silent
-      // cache/disk divergence; actual cleanup happens probabilistically
-      // inside record().
-      return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  async record(namespace: string, messageId: string, ttlMs: number): Promise<void> {
-    const data = await this.load(namespace);
-    data[messageId] = Date.now();
-
-    if (Math.random() < CLEANUP_PROBABILITY) {
-      this.evict(data, ttlMs);
-    }
-
-    await this.flush(namespace, data);
-  }
-
-  private evict(data: DedupData, ttlMs: number): void {
-    const now = Date.now();
-    for (const key of Object.keys(data)) {
-      if (now - data[key] > ttlMs) delete data[key];
-    }
-
-    const keys = Object.keys(data);
-    if (keys.length > MAX_ENTRIES_PER_FILE) {
-      keys
-        .sort((a, b) => data[a] - data[b])
-        .slice(0, keys.length - MAX_ENTRIES_PER_FILE)
-        .forEach((k) => delete data[k]);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async flush(namespace: string, data: DedupData): Promise<void> {
-    await fs.promises.mkdir(this.dir, { recursive: true });
-    const fp = this.filePath(namespace);
-    const tmp = `${fp}.tmp.${process.pid}`;
-    await fs.promises.writeFile(tmp, JSON.stringify(data), "utf-8");
-    await fs.promises.rename(tmp, fp);
-    this.cacheLoadedAt.set(namespace, Date.now());
-  }
-}
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/dedup.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/dedup.ts
index 3b544883c23..6468e30f23d 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/dedup.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/dedup.ts
@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@ function resolveStateDirFromEnv(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env): string {
   if (stateOverride) {
     return stateOverride;
   }
-  if (env.VITEST || env.NODE_ENV === "test") {
-    return path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-vitest-" + process.pid);
-  }
   return path.join(os.homedir(), ".openclaw");
 }