diff --git a/src/plugins/runtime-plugin-boundary.whatsapp.test.ts b/src/plugins/runtime-plugin-boundary.whatsapp.test.ts
index 2a392ded435..d73b480cf66 100644
--- a/src/plugins/runtime-plugin-boundary.whatsapp.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/runtime-plugin-boundary.whatsapp.test.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { bundledDistPluginFile } from "openclaw/plugin-sdk/test-fixtures";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { stageBundledPluginRuntime } from "../../scripts/stage-bundled-plugin-runtime.mjs";
 import type { PluginJitiLoaderCache } from "./jiti-loader-cache.js";
-import { loadPluginBoundaryModuleWithJiti } from "./runtime/runtime-plugin-boundary.js";
+import { loadPluginBoundaryModule } from "./runtime/runtime-plugin-boundary.js";
 import { cleanupTrackedTempDirs, makeTrackedTempDir } from "./test-helpers/fs-fixtures.js";
 
 type LightModule = {
@@ -92,13 +92,15 @@ function createBundledWhatsAppRuntimeFixture() {
 function loadWhatsAppBoundaryModules(runtimePluginDir: string) {
   const loaders: PluginJitiLoaderCache = new Map();
   return {
-    light: loadPluginBoundaryModuleWithJiti<LightModule>(
+    light: loadPluginBoundaryModule<LightModule>(
       path.join(runtimePluginDir, "light-runtime-api.js"),
       loaders,
+      { origin: "bundled" },
     ),
-    heavy: loadPluginBoundaryModuleWithJiti<HeavyModule>(
+    heavy: loadPluginBoundaryModule<HeavyModule>(
       path.join(runtimePluginDir, "runtime-api.js"),
       loaders,
+      { origin: "bundled" },
     ),
   };
 }
@@ -126,4 +128,28 @@ describe("runtime plugin boundary whatsapp seam", () => {
   it("shares listener state between staged light and heavy runtime modules", () => {
     expectSharedWhatsAppListenerState(createBundledWhatsAppRuntimeFixture(), "work");
   });
+
+  it("rejects bundled TypeScript runtime modules instead of using the source loader", () => {
+    const rootDir = makeTrackedTempDir("openclaw-bundled-boundary-ts", tempDirs);
+    const modulePath = path.join(rootDir, "runtime-api.ts");
+    writeRuntimeFixtureText(rootDir, "runtime-api.ts", "export const ok = true;\n");
+    const loaders: PluginJitiLoaderCache = new Map();
+
+    expect(() =>
+      loadPluginBoundaryModule<{ ok: boolean }>(modulePath, loaders, { origin: "bundled" }),
+    ).toThrow(/must be built JavaScript/u);
+    expect(loaders.size).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps TypeScript source fallback available for non-bundled plugins", () => {
+    const rootDir = makeTrackedTempDir("openclaw-external-boundary-ts", tempDirs);
+    const modulePath = path.join(rootDir, "runtime-api.ts");
+    writeRuntimeFixtureText(rootDir, "runtime-api.ts", "export const ok = true;\n");
+    const loaders: PluginJitiLoaderCache = new Map();
+
+    expect(
+      loadPluginBoundaryModule<{ ok: boolean }>(modulePath, loaders, { origin: "workspace" }),
+    ).toMatchObject({ ok: true });
+    expect(loaders.size).toBe(1);
+  });
 });
diff --git a/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-plugin-boundary.ts b/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-plugin-boundary.ts
index 13fdb81cefe..0eee570f6aa 100644
--- a/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-plugin-boundary.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-plugin-boundary.ts
@@ -3,10 +3,14 @@ import path from "node:path";
 import { getRuntimeConfig } from "../../config/config.js";
 import { getCachedPluginJitiLoader, type PluginJitiLoaderCache } from "../jiti-loader-cache.js";
 import { loadPluginManifestRegistry } from "../manifest-registry.js";
-import { shouldPreferNativeJiti } from "../sdk-alias.js";
+import {
+  isJavaScriptModulePath,
+  tryNativeRequireJavaScriptModule,
+} from "../native-module-require.js";
+import type { PluginOrigin } from "../plugin-origin.types.js";
 
 type PluginRuntimeRecord = {
-  origin?: string;
+  origin?: PluginOrigin;
   rootDir?: string;
   source: string;
 };
@@ -105,21 +109,33 @@ export function resolvePluginRuntimeModulePath(
   return null;
 }
 
-export function getPluginBoundaryJiti(modulePath: string, loaders: PluginJitiLoaderCache) {
-  const tryNative = shouldPreferNativeJiti(modulePath);
+function getPluginBoundarySourceLoader(modulePath: string, loaders: PluginJitiLoaderCache) {
   return getCachedPluginJitiLoader({
     cache: loaders,
     modulePath,
     importerUrl: import.meta.url,
     jitiFilename: import.meta.url,
-    tryNative,
+    tryNative: false,
   });
 }
 
 // oxlint-disable-next-line typescript/no-unnecessary-type-parameters -- Dynamic plugin boundary loaders use caller-supplied module types.
-export function loadPluginBoundaryModuleWithJiti<TModule>(
+export function loadPluginBoundaryModule<TModule>(
   modulePath: string,
   loaders: PluginJitiLoaderCache,
+  options: { origin?: PluginOrigin } = {},
 ): TModule {
-  return getPluginBoundaryJiti(modulePath, loaders)(modulePath) as TModule;
+  if (isJavaScriptModulePath(modulePath)) {
+    const native = tryNativeRequireJavaScriptModule(modulePath, { allowWindows: true });
+    if (native.ok) {
+      return native.moduleExport as TModule;
+    }
+    if (options.origin === "bundled") {
+      throw new Error(`bundled plugin runtime module must load natively: ${modulePath}`);
+    }
+  } else if (options.origin === "bundled") {
+    throw new Error(`bundled plugin runtime module must be built JavaScript: ${modulePath}`);
+  }
+
+  return getPluginBoundarySourceLoader(modulePath, loaders)(modulePath) as TModule;
 }
diff --git a/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-web-channel-plugin.ts b/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-web-channel-plugin.ts
index 2f0bf526ad4..40dadfc9edd 100644
--- a/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-web-channel-plugin.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/runtime/runtime-web-channel-plugin.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
 import type { PollInput } from "../../polls.js";
 import type { PluginJitiLoaderCache } from "../jiti-loader-cache.js";
 import {
-  loadPluginBoundaryModuleWithJiti,
+  loadPluginBoundaryModule,
   resolvePluginRuntimeRecordByEntryBaseNames,
   resolvePluginRuntimeModulePath,
 } from "./runtime-plugin-boundary.js";
@@ -132,25 +132,22 @@ function resolveWebChannelRuntimeModulePath(
 }
 
 function loadCurrentHeavyModuleSync(): WebChannelHeavyRuntimeModule {
-  const modulePath = resolveWebChannelRuntimeModulePath(
-    resolveWebChannelPluginRecord(),
-    "runtime-api",
-  );
-  return loadPluginBoundaryModuleWithJiti<WebChannelHeavyRuntimeModule>(modulePath, jitiLoaders);
+  const record = resolveWebChannelPluginRecord();
+  const modulePath = resolveWebChannelRuntimeModulePath(record, "runtime-api");
+  return loadPluginBoundaryModule<WebChannelHeavyRuntimeModule>(modulePath, jitiLoaders, {
+    origin: record.origin,
+  });
 }
 
 function loadWebChannelLightModule(): WebChannelLightRuntimeModule {
-  const modulePath = resolveWebChannelRuntimeModulePath(
-    resolveWebChannelPluginRecord(),
-    "light-runtime-api",
-  );
+  const record = resolveWebChannelPluginRecord();
+  const modulePath = resolveWebChannelRuntimeModulePath(record, "light-runtime-api");
   if (cachedLightModule && cachedLightModulePath === modulePath) {
     return cachedLightModule;
   }
-  const loaded = loadPluginBoundaryModuleWithJiti<WebChannelLightRuntimeModule>(
-    modulePath,
-    jitiLoaders,
-  );
+  const loaded = loadPluginBoundaryModule<WebChannelLightRuntimeModule>(modulePath, jitiLoaders, {
+    origin: record.origin,
+  });
   cachedLightModulePath = modulePath;
   cachedLightModule = loaded;
   return loaded;
@@ -162,10 +159,9 @@ async function loadWebChannelHeavyModule(): Promise<WebChannelHeavyRuntimeModule
   if (cachedHeavyModule && cachedHeavyModulePath === modulePath) {
     return cachedHeavyModule;
   }
-  const loaded = loadPluginBoundaryModuleWithJiti<WebChannelHeavyRuntimeModule>(
-    modulePath,
-    jitiLoaders,
-  );
+  const loaded = loadPluginBoundaryModule<WebChannelHeavyRuntimeModule>(modulePath, jitiLoaders, {
+    origin: record.origin,
+  });
   cachedHeavyModulePath = modulePath;
   cachedHeavyModule = loaded;
   return loaded;