diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/decorative-emoji.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/decorative-emoji.ts
index 946d09359e3..9dc29bf826b 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/decorative-emoji.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/decorative-emoji.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 import { splitGraphemes } from "./ansi.js";
 
+// Decorative emoji helpers that degrade cleanly on terminals without reliable emoji support.
+
+/** Environment and terminal facts used to decide decorative emoji support. */
 export type DecorativeEmojiOptions = {
   env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
   isTty?: boolean;
@@ -9,6 +12,7 @@ export type DecorativeEmojiOptions = {
 
 const EMOJI_GRAPHEME_PATTERN = /[\p{Extended_Pictographic}\p{Regional_Indicator}\u20e3]/u;
 
+/** Detect terminals with known emoji rendering support. */
 function isKnownEmojiTerminal(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): boolean {
   const termProgram = (env.TERM_PROGRAM ?? "").toLowerCase();
   const term = (env.TERM ?? "").toLowerCase();
@@ -24,6 +28,7 @@ function isKnownEmojiTerminal(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): boolean {
   );
 }
 
+/** Return true when locale variables indicate UTF-8 output support. */
 function hasUtf8Locale(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): boolean {
   const locale = [env.LC_ALL, env.LC_CTYPE, env.LANG].find(
     (value) => typeof value === "string" && value.trim().length > 0,
@@ -34,6 +39,7 @@ function hasUtf8Locale(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): boolean {
   return /utf-?8/i.test(locale);
 }
 
+/** Return true when decorative emoji should be emitted for the target terminal. */
 export function supportsDecorativeEmoji(options: DecorativeEmojiOptions = {}): boolean {
   const env = options.env ?? process.env;
   const platform = options.platform ?? process.platform;
@@ -57,10 +63,12 @@ export function supportsDecorativeEmoji(options: DecorativeEmojiOptions = {}): b
   return false;
 }
 
+/** Return the emoji only when decorative emoji output is supported. */
 export function decorativeEmoji(emoji: string, options: DecorativeEmojiOptions = {}): string {
   return supportsDecorativeEmoji(options) ? emoji : "";
 }
 
+/** Prefix text with a decorative emoji when supported. */
 export function decorativePrefix(
   emoji: string,
   text: string,
@@ -70,6 +78,7 @@ export function decorativePrefix(
   return prefix ? `${prefix} ${text}` : text;
 }
 
+/** Strip decorative emoji for terminals that should not receive them. */
 export function stripDecorativeEmojiForTerminal(
   text: string,
   options: DecorativeEmojiOptions = {},
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/display-string.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/display-string.ts
index a900492b422..7761470665a 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/display-string.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/display-string.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 
+// Display-safe string helpers for shortening user home paths.
+
+/** Normalize env/home values and reject shell placeholder strings. */
 function normalize(value: string | undefined): string | undefined {
   const trimmed = value?.trim();
   return trimmed && trimmed !== "undefined" && trimmed !== "null" ? trimmed : undefined;
 }
 
+/** Run a home resolver defensively because some runtimes throw for missing passwd data. */
 function normalizeSafe(fn: () => string | undefined): string | undefined {
   try {
     return normalize(fn());
@@ -14,6 +18,7 @@ function normalizeSafe(fn: () => string | undefined): string | undefined {
   }
 }
 
+/** Resolve Termux home from its Android prefix layout. */
 function resolveTermuxHome(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): string | undefined {
   const prefix = normalize(env.PREFIX);
   if (!prefix || !normalize(env.ANDROID_DATA)) {
@@ -25,6 +30,7 @@ function resolveTermuxHome(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv): string | undefined {
   return path.resolve(prefix, "..", "home");
 }
 
+/** Resolve the underlying OS home before applying OpenClaw overrides. */
 function resolveRawOsHomeDir(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv, homedir: () => string): string | undefined {
   return (
     normalize(env.HOME) ??
@@ -34,6 +40,7 @@ function resolveRawOsHomeDir(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv, homedir: () => string): str
   );
 }
 
+/** Resolve raw home with OPENCLAW_HOME tilde expansion. */
 function resolveRawHomeDir(
   env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
   homedir: () => string = os.homedir,
@@ -46,6 +53,7 @@ function resolveRawHomeDir(
   return resolveRawOsHomeDir(env, homedir);
 }
 
+/** Resolve the effective absolute home directory for display replacement. */
 function resolveEffectiveHomeDir(
   env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
   homedir: () => string = os.homedir,
@@ -54,6 +62,7 @@ function resolveEffectiveHomeDir(
   return raw ? path.resolve(raw) : undefined;
 }
 
+/** Resolve the display prefix that should replace the effective home path. */
 function resolveHomeDisplayPrefix(): { home: string; prefix: string } | undefined {
   const home = resolveEffectiveHomeDir();
   if (!home) {
@@ -63,6 +72,7 @@ function resolveHomeDisplayPrefix(): { home: string; prefix: string } | undefine
   return explicitHome ? { home, prefix: "$OPENCLAW_HOME" } : { home, prefix: "~" };
 }
 
+/** Replace the effective home path with "~" or "$OPENCLAW_HOME" for terminal display. */
 export function displayString(input: string): string {
   if (!input) {
     return input;
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/health-style.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/health-style.ts
index 9c04b6ce0af..f710cc443e3 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/health-style.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/health-style.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 import { normalizeLowercaseStringOrEmpty } from "./string.js";
 import { theme } from "./theme.js";
 
+// Styles the status word in health output lines.
+
+/** Highlight known health status prefixes in a "label: detail" line. */
 export function styleHealthChannelLine(line: string, rich: boolean): string {
   if (!rich) {
     return line;
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/index.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/index.ts
index f9447bedf3b..bb2d773cdd2 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// Public barrel for shared terminal formatting helpers.
+
 export * from "./ansi.js";
 export * from "./decorative-emoji.js";
 export * from "./health-style.js";
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/osc-progress.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/osc-progress.ts
index 94b49c0346e..16ca777ab1d 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/osc-progress.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/osc-progress.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
+// OSC 9;4 progress reporting for terminals that support shell integration progress.
+
 const OSC_PROGRESS_PREFIX = "\u001b]9;4;";
 const OSC_PROGRESS_ST = "\u001b\\";
 const OSC_PROGRESS_BEL = "\u0007";
 const OSC_PROGRESS_C1_ST = "\u009c";
 
+/** Controller for terminal progress state. */
 export type OscProgressController = {
   setIndeterminate: (label: string) => void;
   setPercent: (label: string, percent: number) => void;
   clear: () => void;
 };
 
+/** Return true when the terminal is known to support OSC progress messages. */
 export function supportsOscProgress(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv, isTty: boolean): boolean {
   if (!isTty) {
     return false;
@@ -19,6 +23,7 @@ export function supportsOscProgress(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv, isTty: boolean): boo
   );
 }
 
+/** Remove OSC terminators and escape introducers from progress labels. */
 function sanitizeOscProgressLabel(label: string): string {
   return label
     .replaceAll(OSC_PROGRESS_ST, "")
@@ -30,6 +35,7 @@ function sanitizeOscProgressLabel(label: string): string {
     .trim();
 }
 
+/** Format one OSC progress control sequence. */
 function formatOscProgress(state: number, percent: number | null, label: string): string {
   const cleanLabel = sanitizeOscProgressLabel(label);
   if (percent === null) {
@@ -39,6 +45,7 @@ function formatOscProgress(state: number, percent: number | null, label: string)
   return `${OSC_PROGRESS_PREFIX}${state};${normalizedPercent};${cleanLabel}${OSC_PROGRESS_ST}`;
 }
 
+/** Create a progress controller, returning no-op methods on unsupported terminals. */
 export function createOscProgressController(params: {
   env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
   isTty: boolean;
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/progress-line.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/progress-line.ts
index 818c6371476..a23a7021987 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/progress-line.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/progress-line.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+// Tracks the active terminal progress line so callers can clear it before other output.
+
 let activeStream: NodeJS.WriteStream | null = null;
 
+/** Register the stream that currently owns an inline progress line. */
 export function registerActiveProgressLine(stream: NodeJS.WriteStream): void {
   if (!stream.isTTY) {
     return;
@@ -7,6 +10,7 @@ export function registerActiveProgressLine(stream: NodeJS.WriteStream): void {
   activeStream = stream;
 }
 
+/** Clear the active progress line when it is attached to a TTY stream. */
 export function clearActiveProgressLine(): void {
   if (!activeStream?.isTTY) {
     return;
@@ -14,6 +18,7 @@ export function clearActiveProgressLine(): void {
   activeStream.write("\r\x1b[2K");
 }
 
+/** Unregister the active progress line, optionally only for a matching stream. */
 export function unregisterActiveProgressLine(stream?: NodeJS.WriteStream): void {
   if (!activeStream) {
     return;
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-select-styled-params.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-select-styled-params.ts
index 34e01bc93b2..17b8733a817 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-select-styled-params.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-select-styled-params.ts
@@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
 import { stylePromptHint, stylePromptMessage } from "./prompt-style.js";
 
+// Pure prompt parameter styler used by interactive prompts and tests.
+
+/** Minimal select-like params accepted by the prompt styler. */
 type SelectParamsLike = {
   message: string;
   options: readonly object[];
 };
 
+/** Styling callbacks for prompt messages and hints. */
 type PromptSelectStylers = {
   message: (value: string) => string;
   hint: (value: string) => string | undefined;
 };
 
+/** Default terminal stylers for select prompts. */
 const defaultStylers: PromptSelectStylers = {
   message: stylePromptMessage,
   hint: stylePromptHint,
 };
 
+/** Return select params with styled prompt message and per-option hints. */
 export function styleSelectParams<TParams extends SelectParamsLike>(
   params: TParams,
   stylers: PromptSelectStylers = defaultStylers,
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-select-styled.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-select-styled.ts
index 7af07935f8f..0bdca8d1cf3 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-select-styled.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-select-styled.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 import { select } from "@clack/prompts";
 import { styleSelectParams } from "./prompt-select-styled-params.js";
 
+// Clack select wrapper that applies OpenClaw prompt styling.
+
+/** Run a clack select prompt with styled message and hints. */
 export function selectStyled<T>(params: Parameters<typeof select<T>>[0]) {
   return select(styleSelectParams(params));
 }
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-style.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-style.ts
index c33083c3157..ae82570030e 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-style.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/prompt-style.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 import { isRich, theme } from "./theme.js";
 
+// Shared styling helpers for interactive prompt copy.
+
+/** Style a prompt message when rich terminal output is active. */
 export const stylePromptMessage = (message: string): string =>
   isRich() ? theme.accent(message) : message;
 
+/** Style a prompt title when rich terminal output is active. */
 export const stylePromptTitle = (title?: string): string | undefined =>
   title && isRich() ? theme.heading(title) : title;
 
+/** Style a prompt hint when rich terminal output is active. */
 export const stylePromptHint = (hint?: string): string | undefined =>
   hint && isRich() ? theme.muted(hint) : hint;
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/stream-writer.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/stream-writer.ts
index 2c7ab21786c..e1d156b0427 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/stream-writer.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/stream-writer.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
+// Safe terminal stream writer that treats broken pipes as closed output.
+
+/** Hooks for safe stream writes. */
 export type SafeStreamWriterOptions = {
   beforeWrite?: () => void;
   onBrokenPipe?: (err: NodeJS.ErrnoException, stream: NodeJS.WriteStream) => void;
 };
 
+/** Writer facade that tracks closed/broken-pipe state. */
 export type SafeStreamWriter = {
   write: (stream: NodeJS.WriteStream, text: string) => boolean;
   writeLine: (stream: NodeJS.WriteStream, text: string) => boolean;
@@ -10,11 +14,13 @@ export type SafeStreamWriter = {
   isClosed: () => boolean;
 };
 
+/** Detect broken pipe style stream errors. */
 function isBrokenPipeError(err: unknown): err is NodeJS.ErrnoException {
   const code = (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException)?.code;
   return code === "EPIPE" || code === "EIO";
 }
 
+/** Create a stream writer that stops writing after EPIPE/EIO. */
 export function createSafeStreamWriter(options: SafeStreamWriterOptions = {}): SafeStreamWriter {
   let closed = false;
   let notified = false;
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/string.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/string.ts
index ef5d2d75397..53d7f5ff646 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/string.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/string.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Shared terminal string normalization helpers.
+
+/** Normalize string input to lowercase, returning empty string for non-strings. */
 export function normalizeLowercaseStringOrEmpty(value: unknown): string {
   if (typeof value !== "string") {
     return "";
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/terminal-link.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/terminal-link.ts
index 7ba1a970844..e42894385c3 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/terminal-link.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/terminal-link.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// OSC 8 terminal hyperlink formatting with plain-text fallback.
+
+/** Format a clickable terminal link when supported, otherwise return a readable fallback. */
 export function formatTerminalLink(
   label: string,
   url: string,
diff --git a/packages/terminal-core/src/theme.ts b/packages/terminal-core/src/theme.ts
index da69db9e4d0..7b18f43a948 100644
--- a/packages/terminal-core/src/theme.ts
+++ b/packages/terminal-core/src/theme.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import chalk, { Chalk } from "chalk";
 import { LOBSTER_PALETTE } from "./palette.js";
 
+// Shared terminal color theme that respects NO_COLOR and FORCE_COLOR.
+
 const hasForceColor =
   typeof process.env.FORCE_COLOR === "string" &&
   process.env.FORCE_COLOR.trim().length > 0 &&
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ const baseChalk = process.env.NO_COLOR && !hasForceColor ? new Chalk({ level: 0
 
 const hex = (value: string) => baseChalk.hex(value);
 
+/** Shared terminal theme color functions. */
 export const theme = {
   accent: hex(LOBSTER_PALETTE.accent),
   accentBright: hex(LOBSTER_PALETTE.accentBright),
@@ -24,7 +27,9 @@ export const theme = {
   option: hex(LOBSTER_PALETTE.warn),
 } as const;
 
+/** Return true when color styling is active. */
 export const isRich = () => baseChalk.level > 0;
 
+/** Conditionally apply a color function based on caller rich-output state. */
 export const colorize = (rich: boolean, color: (value: string) => string, value: string) =>
   rich ? color(value) : value;