diff --git a/src/plugins/provider-discovery.runtime.test.ts b/src/plugins/provider-discovery.runtime.test.ts
index 0c3339713c9..783e6b2eb90 100644
--- a/src/plugins/provider-discovery.runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/provider-discovery.runtime.test.ts
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ function createManifestPlugin(id: string): PluginManifestRecord {
 
 function createManifestPluginWithModelCatalog(
   id: string,
-  discovery: "static" | "runtime" = "static",
+  discovery: "static" | "refreshable" | "runtime" = "static",
 ): PluginManifestRecord {
   return {
     ...createManifestPluginWithoutDiscovery({ id }),
@@ -263,6 +263,38 @@ describe("resolvePluginDiscoveryProvidersRuntime", () => {
     expect(mocks.resolvePluginProviders).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
+  it("does not synthesize manifest entry providers for refreshable catalogs", () => {
+    mocks.resolveDiscoveredProviderPluginIds.mockReturnValue(["token-plan"]);
+    mocks.loadPluginMetadataSnapshot.mockReturnValue({
+      index: { plugins: [] },
+      manifestRegistry: {
+        plugins: [createManifestPluginWithModelCatalog("token-plan", "refreshable")],
+        diagnostics: [],
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(resolvePluginDiscoveryProvidersRuntime({ discoveryEntriesOnly: true })).toStrictEqual(
+      [],
+    );
+    expect(mocks.resolvePluginProviders).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("loads the full plugin for refreshable manifest catalog rows", () => {
+    const refreshableProvider = createProvider({ id: "token-plan", mode: "catalog" });
+    mocks.resolveDiscoveredProviderPluginIds.mockReturnValue(["token-plan"]);
+    mocks.resolvePluginProviders.mockReturnValue([refreshableProvider]);
+    mocks.loadPluginMetadataSnapshot.mockReturnValue({
+      index: { plugins: [] },
+      manifestRegistry: {
+        plugins: [createManifestPluginWithModelCatalog("token-plan", "refreshable")],
+        diagnostics: [],
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(resolvePluginDiscoveryProvidersRuntime({})).toStrictEqual([refreshableProvider]);
+    expect(requireResolvePluginProvidersParams().onlyPluginIds).toEqual(["token-plan"]);
+  });
+
   it("loads the full plugin when one manifest catalog provider is runtime-owned", () => {
     const runtimeProvider = createProvider({ id: "xiaomi-token-plan", mode: "catalog" });
     mocks.resolveDiscoveredProviderPluginIds.mockReturnValue(["xiaomi"]);
diff --git a/src/plugins/provider-discovery.runtime.ts b/src/plugins/provider-discovery.runtime.ts
index a1c97bd1669..545c1e3c30d 100644
--- a/src/plugins/provider-discovery.runtime.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/provider-discovery.runtime.ts
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ function resolveManifestModelCatalogProviders(
     }
     const plan = planManifestModelCatalogRows({ registry: { plugins: [plugin] } });
     for (const entry of plan.entries) {
-      if (entry.rows.length === 0 || entry.discovery === "runtime") {
+      if (entry.rows.length === 0 || entry.discovery === "runtime" || entry.discovery === "refreshable") {
         continue;
       }
       const providerConfig = providerConfigFromManifestRows(entry.rows);
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ function resolveRuntimeManifestCatalogPluginIds(
     );
     const ownsRuntimeDiscovery = Object.entries(plugin.modelCatalog?.discovery ?? {}).some(
       ([provider, discovery]) =>
-        discovery === "runtime" && ownedProviders.has(normalizeProviderId(provider)),
+        (discovery === "runtime" || discovery === "refreshable") && ownedProviders.has(normalizeProviderId(provider)),
     );
     if (ownsRuntimeDiscovery) {
       pluginIds.add(plugin.id);
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ function resolveRuntimeManifestCatalogPluginIds(
       continue;
     }
     const plan = planManifestModelCatalogRows({ registry: { plugins: [plugin] } });
-    if (plan.entries.some((entry) => entry.discovery === "runtime")) {
+    if (plan.entries.some((entry) => entry.discovery === "runtime" || entry.discovery === "refreshable")) {
       pluginIds.add(plugin.id);
     }
   }