diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 1bfeddb30eb..ebda08f4c06 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 
 ### Fixes
 
+- Agents/replay: stop OpenAI/Codex transcript replay from synthesizing missing tool results while still preserving synthetic repair on Anthropic, Gemini, and Bedrock transport-owned sessions. (#61556) Thanks @VictorJeon and @vincentkoc.
 - Agents/WebChat: surface non-retryable provider failures such as billing, auth, and rate-limit errors from the embedded runner instead of logging `surface_error` and leaving webchat with no rendered error. Fixes #70124. (#70848) Thanks @truffle-dev.
 - Memory/CLI: declare the built-in `local` embedding provider in the memory-core manifest, so standalone `openclaw memory status`, `index`, and `search` can resolve local embeddings just like the gateway runtime. Fixes #70836. (#70873) Thanks @mattznojassist.
 - Gateway/WebChat: preserve image attachments for text-only primary models by offloading them as media refs instead of dropping them, so configured image tools can still inspect the original file. Fixes #68513, #44276, #51656, #70212.
diff --git a/src/agents/transport-message-transform.test.ts b/src/agents/transport-message-transform.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f2f5b66ce5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/agents/transport-message-transform.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+import type { Api, Context, Model } from "@mariozechner/pi-ai";
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { transformTransportMessages } from "./transport-message-transform.js";
+
+function makeModel(api: Api, provider: string, id: string): Model<Api> {
+  return { api, provider, id, input: [], output: [] } as unknown as Model<Api>;
+}
+
+function assistantToolCall(
+  id: string,
+  name = "read",
+): Extract<Context["messages"][number], { role: "assistant" }> {
+  return {
+    role: "assistant",
+    provider: "openai",
+    api: "openai-responses",
+    model: "gpt-5.4",
+    stopReason: "toolUse",
+    timestamp: Date.now(),
+    content: [{ type: "toolCall", id, name, arguments: {} }],
+  } as Extract<Context["messages"][number], { role: "assistant" }>;
+}
+
+describe("transformTransportMessages synthetic tool-result policy", () => {
+  it("does not synthesize missing tool results for OpenAI-compatible transports", () => {
+    const messages: Context["messages"] = [
+      assistantToolCall("call_openai_1"),
+      { role: "user", content: "continue", timestamp: Date.now() },
+    ];
+
+    const result = transformTransportMessages(
+      messages,
+      makeModel("openai-responses", "openai", "gpt-5.4"),
+    );
+
+    expect(result.map((msg) => msg.role)).toEqual(["assistant", "user"]);
+  });
+
+  it("still synthesizes missing tool results for Anthropic transports", () => {
+    const messages: Context["messages"] = [
+      assistantToolCall("call_anthropic_1"),
+      { role: "user", content: "continue", timestamp: Date.now() },
+    ];
+
+    const result = transformTransportMessages(
+      messages,
+      makeModel("anthropic-messages", "anthropic", "claude-opus-4-6"),
+    );
+
+    expect(result.map((msg) => msg.role)).toEqual(["assistant", "toolResult", "user"]);
+    expect(result[1]).toMatchObject({
+      role: "toolResult",
+      toolCallId: "call_anthropic_1",
+      isError: true,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("still synthesizes missing tool results for transport alias apis that own replay repair", () => {
+    const messages: Context["messages"] = [
+      assistantToolCall("call_transport_1"),
+      { role: "user", content: "continue", timestamp: Date.now() },
+    ];
+
+    const anthropicAlias = transformTransportMessages(
+      messages,
+      makeModel("openclaw-anthropic-messages-transport" as Api, "anthropic", "claude-opus-4-6"),
+    );
+    expect(anthropicAlias.map((msg) => msg.role)).toEqual(["assistant", "toolResult", "user"]);
+
+    const googleAlias = transformTransportMessages(
+      messages,
+      makeModel("openclaw-google-generative-ai-transport" as Api, "google", "gemini-2.5-pro"),
+    );
+    expect(googleAlias.map((msg) => msg.role)).toEqual(["assistant", "toolResult", "user"]);
+
+    const bedrockCanonical = transformTransportMessages(
+      messages,
+      makeModel("bedrock-converse-stream" as Api, "bedrock", "anthropic.claude-opus-4-6"),
+    );
+    expect(bedrockCanonical.map((msg) => msg.role)).toEqual(["assistant", "toolResult", "user"]);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/agents/transport-message-transform.ts b/src/agents/transport-message-transform.ts
index 579eab5f023..2262d014f3b 100644
--- a/src/agents/transport-message-transform.ts
+++ b/src/agents/transport-message-transform.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,19 @@
 import type { Api, Context, Model } from "@mariozechner/pi-ai";
 
+const SYNTHETIC_TOOL_RESULT_APIS = new Set<string>([
+  "anthropic-messages",
+  "openclaw-anthropic-messages-transport",
+  "bedrock-converse-stream",
+  "google-generative-ai",
+  "openclaw-google-generative-ai-transport",
+]);
+
 type PendingToolCall = { id: string; name: string };
 
+function defaultAllowSyntheticToolResults(modelApi: Api): boolean {
+  return SYNTHETIC_TOOL_RESULT_APIS.has(modelApi);
+}
+
 function appendMissingToolResults(
   result: Context["messages"],
   pendingToolCalls: PendingToolCall[],
@@ -30,6 +42,7 @@ export function transformTransportMessages(
     source: { provider: string; api: Api; model: string },
   ) => string,
 ): Context["messages"] {
+  const allowSyntheticToolResults = defaultAllowSyntheticToolResults(model.api);
   const toolCallIdMap = new Map<string, string>();
   const transformed = messages.map((msg) => {
     if (msg.role === "user") {
@@ -95,11 +108,11 @@ export function transformTransportMessages(
   let existingToolResultIds = new Set<string>();
   for (const msg of transformed) {
     if (msg.role === "assistant") {
-      if (pendingToolCalls.length > 0) {
+      if (allowSyntheticToolResults && pendingToolCalls.length > 0) {
         appendMissingToolResults(result, pendingToolCalls, existingToolResultIds);
-        pendingToolCalls = [];
-        existingToolResultIds = new Set();
       }
+      pendingToolCalls = [];
+      existingToolResultIds = new Set();
       if (msg.stopReason === "error" || msg.stopReason === "aborted") {
         continue;
       }
@@ -119,11 +132,11 @@ export function transformTransportMessages(
       result.push(msg);
       continue;
     }
-    if (pendingToolCalls.length > 0) {
+    if (allowSyntheticToolResults && pendingToolCalls.length > 0) {
       appendMissingToolResults(result, pendingToolCalls, existingToolResultIds);
-      pendingToolCalls = [];
-      existingToolResultIds = new Set();
     }
+    pendingToolCalls = [];
+    existingToolResultIds = new Set();
     result.push(msg);
   }
   return result;