openclaw/docs/tools/video-generation.md

summary, read_when, title

summary	read_when	title
Generate videos from text, images, or existing videos using 14 provider backends	Generating videos via the agent Configuring video generation providers and models Understanding the video_generate tool parameters	Video Generation

Video Generation

OpenClaw agents can generate videos from text prompts, reference images, or existing videos. Fourteen provider backends are supported, each with different model options, input modes, and feature sets. The agent picks the right provider automatically based on your configuration and available API keys.

The `video_generate` tool only appears when at least one video-generation provider is available. If you do not see it in your agent tools, set a provider API key or configure `agents.defaults.videoGenerationModel`.

OpenClaw treats video generation as three runtime modes:

• generate for text-to-video requests with no reference media
• imageToVideo when the request includes one or more reference images
• videoToVideo when the request includes one or more reference videos

Providers can support any subset of those modes. The tool validates the active mode before submission and reports supported modes in action=list.

Quick start

1. Set an API key for any supported provider:

export GEMINI_API_KEY="your-key"

2. Optionally pin a default model:

openclaw config set agents.defaults.videoGenerationModel.primary "google/veo-3.1-fast-generate-preview"

3. Ask the agent:

Generate a 5-second cinematic video of a friendly lobster surfing at sunset.

The agent calls video_generate automatically. No tool allowlisting is needed.

What happens when you generate a video

Video generation is asynchronous. When the agent calls video_generate in a session:

1. OpenClaw submits the request to the provider and immediately returns a task ID.
2. The provider processes the job in the background (typically 30 seconds to 5 minutes depending on the provider and resolution).
3. When the video is ready, OpenClaw wakes the same session with an internal completion event.
4. The agent posts the finished video back into the original conversation.

While a job is in flight, duplicate video_generate calls in the same session return the current task status instead of starting another generation. Use openclaw tasks list or openclaw tasks show <taskId> to check progress from the CLI.

Outside of session-backed agent runs (for example, direct tool invocations), the tool falls back to inline generation and returns the final media path in the same turn.

Task lifecycle

Each video_generate request moves through four states:

1. queued -- task created, waiting for the provider to accept it.
2. running -- provider is processing (typically 30 seconds to 5 minutes depending on provider and resolution).
3. succeeded -- video ready; the agent wakes and posts it to the conversation.
4. failed -- provider error or timeout; the agent wakes with error details.

Check status from the CLI:

openclaw tasks list
openclaw tasks show <taskId>
openclaw tasks cancel <taskId>

Duplicate prevention: if a video task is already queued or running for the current session, video_generate returns the existing task status instead of starting a new one. Use action: "status" to check explicitly without triggering a new generation.

Supported providers

Provider	Default model	Text	Image ref	Video ref	API key
Alibaba	wan2.6-t2v	Yes	Yes (remote URL)	Yes (remote URL)	MODELSTUDIO_API_KEY
BytePlus (1.0)	seedance-1-0-pro-250528	Yes	Up to 2 images (I2V models only; first + last frame)	No	BYTEPLUS_API_KEY
BytePlus Seedance 1.5	seedance-1-5-pro-251215	Yes	Up to 2 images (first + last frame via role)	No	BYTEPLUS_API_KEY
BytePlus Seedance 2.0	dreamina-seedance-2-0-260128	Yes	Up to 9 reference images	Up to 3 videos	BYTEPLUS_API_KEY
ComfyUI	workflow	Yes	1 image	No	COMFY_API_KEY or COMFY_CLOUD_API_KEY
fal	fal-ai/minimax/video-01-live	Yes	1 image	No	FAL_KEY
Google	veo-3.1-fast-generate-preview	Yes	1 image	1 video	GEMINI_API_KEY
MiniMax	MiniMax-Hailuo-2.3	Yes	1 image	No	MINIMAX_API_KEY
OpenAI	sora-2	Yes	1 image	1 video	OPENAI_API_KEY
Qwen	wan2.6-t2v	Yes	Yes (remote URL)	Yes (remote URL)	QWEN_API_KEY
Runway	gen4.5	Yes	1 image	1 video	RUNWAYML_API_SECRET
Together	Wan-AI/Wan2.2-T2V-A14B	Yes	1 image	No	TOGETHER_API_KEY
Vydra	veo3	Yes	1 image (kling)	No	VYDRA_API_KEY
xAI	grok-imagine-video	Yes	1 image	1 video	XAI_API_KEY

Some providers accept additional or alternate API key env vars. See individual provider pages for details.

Run video_generate action=list to inspect available providers, models, and runtime modes at runtime.

Declared capability matrix

This is the explicit mode contract used by video_generate, contract tests, and the shared live sweep.

Provider	generate	imageToVideo	videoToVideo	Shared live lanes today
Alibaba	Yes	Yes	Yes	generate, imageToVideo; videoToVideo skipped because this provider needs remote http(s) video URLs
BytePlus	Yes	Yes	No	generate, imageToVideo
ComfyUI	Yes	Yes	No	Not in the shared sweep; workflow-specific coverage lives with Comfy tests
fal	Yes	Yes	No	generate, imageToVideo
Google	Yes	Yes	Yes	generate, imageToVideo; shared videoToVideo skipped because the current buffer-backed Gemini/Veo sweep does not accept that input
MiniMax	Yes	Yes	No	generate, imageToVideo
OpenAI	Yes	Yes	Yes	generate, imageToVideo; shared videoToVideo skipped because this org/input path currently needs provider-side inpaint/remix access
Qwen	Yes	Yes	Yes	generate, imageToVideo; videoToVideo skipped because this provider needs remote http(s) video URLs
Runway	Yes	Yes	Yes	generate, imageToVideo; videoToVideo runs only when the selected model is runway/gen4_aleph
Together	Yes	Yes	No	generate, imageToVideo
Vydra	Yes	Yes	No	generate; shared imageToVideo skipped because bundled veo3 is text-only and bundled kling requires a remote image URL
xAI	Yes	Yes	Yes	generate, imageToVideo; videoToVideo skipped because this provider currently needs a remote MP4 URL

Tool parameters

Required

Parameter	Type	Description
prompt	string	Text description of the video to generate (required for action: "generate")

Content inputs

Parameter	Type	Description
image	string	Single reference image (path or URL)
images	string[]	Multiple reference images (up to 9)
imageRoles	string[]	Optional per-position role hints parallel to the combined image list. Canonical values: first_frame, last_frame, reference_image
video	string	Single reference video (path or URL)
videos	string[]	Multiple reference videos (up to 4)
videoRoles	string[]	Optional per-position role hints parallel to the combined video list. Canonical value: reference_video
audioRef	string	Single reference audio (path or URL). Used for e.g. background music or voice reference when the provider supports audio inputs
audioRefs	string[]	Multiple reference audios (up to 3)
audioRoles	string[]	Optional per-position role hints parallel to the combined audio list. Canonical value: reference_audio

Role hints are forwarded to the provider as-is. Canonical values come from the VideoGenerationAssetRole union but providers may accept additional role strings. *Roles arrays must not have more entries than the corresponding reference list; off-by-one mistakes fail with a clear error. Use an empty string to leave a slot unset.

Style controls

Parameter	Type	Description
aspectRatio	string	1:1, 2:3, 3:2, 3:4, 4:3, 4:5, 5:4, 9:16, 16:9, 21:9, or adaptive
resolution	string	480P, 720P, 768P, or 1080P
durationSeconds	number	Target duration in seconds (rounded to nearest provider-supported value)
size	string	Size hint when the provider supports it
audio	boolean	Enable generated audio in the output when supported. Distinct from audioRef* (inputs)
watermark	boolean	Toggle provider watermarking when supported

adaptive is a provider-specific sentinel: it is forwarded as-is to providers that declare adaptive in their capabilities (e.g. BytePlus Seedance uses it to auto-detect the ratio from the input image dimensions). Providers that do not declare it surface the value via details.ignoredOverrides in the tool result so the drop is visible.

Advanced

Parameter	Type	Description
action	string	"generate" (default), "status", or "list"
model	string	Provider/model override (e.g. runway/gen4.5)
filename	string	Output filename hint
providerOptions	object	Provider-specific options as a JSON object (e.g. {"seed": 42, "draft": true}). Providers that declare a typed schema validate the keys and types; unknown keys or mismatches skip the candidate during fallback. Providers without a declared schema receive the options as-is. Run video_generate action=list to see what each provider accepts

Not all providers support all parameters. OpenClaw already normalizes duration to the closest provider-supported value, and it also remaps translated geometry hints such as size-to-aspect-ratio when a fallback provider exposes a different control surface. Truly unsupported overrides are ignored on a best-effort basis and reported as warnings in the tool result. Hard capability limits (such as too many reference inputs) fail before submission.

Tool results report the applied settings. When OpenClaw remaps duration or geometry during provider fallback, the returned durationSeconds, size, aspectRatio, and resolution values reflect what was submitted, and details.normalization captures the requested-to-applied translation.

Reference inputs also select the runtime mode:

• No reference media: generate
• Any image reference: imageToVideo
• Any video reference: videoToVideo
• Reference audio inputs do not change the resolved mode; they apply on top of whatever mode the image/video references select, and only work with providers that declare maxInputAudios

Mixed image and video references are not a stable shared capability surface. Prefer one reference type per request.

Fallback and typed options

Some capability checks are applied at the fallback layer rather than the tool boundary so that a request that exceeds the primary provider's limits can still run on a capable fallback:

• If the active candidate declares no maxInputAudios (or declares it as 0), it is skipped when the request contains audio references, and the next candidate is tried.
• If the active candidate's maxDurationSeconds is below the requested durationSeconds and the candidate does not declare a supportedDurationSeconds list, it is skipped.
• If the request contains providerOptions and the active candidate explicitly declares a typed providerOptions schema, the candidate is skipped when the supplied keys are not in the schema or the value types do not match. Providers that have not yet declared a schema receive the options as-is (backward-compatible pass-through). A provider can explicitly opt out of all provider options by declaring an empty schema (capabilities.providerOptions: {}), which causes the same skip as a type mismatch.

The first skip reason in a request is logged at warn so operators see when their primary provider was passed over; subsequent skips log at debug to keep long fallback chains quiet. If every candidate is skipped, the aggregated error includes the skip reason for each.

Actions

• generate (default) -- create a video from the given prompt and optional reference inputs.
• status -- check the state of the in-flight video task for the current session without starting another generation.
• list -- show available providers, models, and their capabilities.

Model selection

When generating a video, OpenClaw resolves the model in this order:

1. model tool parameter -- if the agent specifies one in the call.
2. videoGenerationModel.primary -- from config.
3. videoGenerationModel.fallbacks -- tried in order.
4. Auto-detection -- uses providers that have valid auth, starting with the current default provider, then remaining providers in alphabetical order.

If a provider fails, the next candidate is tried automatically. If all candidates fail, the error includes details from each attempt.

Set agents.defaults.mediaGenerationAutoProviderFallback: false if you want video generation to use only the explicit model, primary, and fallbacks entries.

{
  agents: {
    defaults: {
      videoGenerationModel: {
        primary: "google/veo-3.1-fast-generate-preview",
        fallbacks: ["runway/gen4.5", "qwen/wan2.6-t2v"],
      },
    },
  },
}

Provider notes

Provider	Notes
Alibaba	Uses DashScope/Model Studio async endpoint. Reference images and videos must be remote http(s) URLs.
BytePlus (1.0)	Provider id byteplus. Models: seedance-1-0-pro-250528 (default), seedance-1-0-pro-t2v-250528, seedance-1-0-pro-fast-251015, seedance-1-0-lite-t2v-250428, seedance-1-0-lite-i2v-250428. T2V models (*-t2v-*) do not accept image inputs; I2V models and general *-pro-* models support a single reference image (first frame). Pass the image positionally or set role: "first_frame". T2V model IDs are automatically switched to the corresponding I2V variant when an image is provided. Supported providerOptions keys: seed (number), draft (boolean, forces 480p), camera_fixed (boolean).
BytePlus Seedance 1.5	Requires the @openclaw/byteplus-modelark plugin. Provider id byteplus-seedance15. Model: seedance-1-5-pro-251215. Uses the unified content[] API. Supports at most 2 input images (first_frame + last_frame). All inputs must be remote https:// URLs. Set role: "first_frame" / "last_frame" on each image, or pass images positionally. aspectRatio: "adaptive" auto-detects ratio from the input image. audio: true maps to generate_audio. providerOptions.seed (number) is forwarded.
BytePlus Seedance 2.0	Requires the @openclaw/byteplus-modelark plugin. Provider id byteplus-seedance2. Models: dreamina-seedance-2-0-260128, dreamina-seedance-2-0-fast-260128. Uses the unified content[] API. Supports up to 9 reference images, 3 reference videos, and 3 reference audios. All inputs must be remote https:// URLs. Set role on each asset — supported values: "first_frame", "last_frame", "reference_image", "reference_video", "reference_audio". aspectRatio: "adaptive" auto-detects ratio from the input image. audio: true maps to generate_audio. providerOptions.seed (number) is forwarded.
ComfyUI	Workflow-driven local or cloud execution. Supports text-to-video and image-to-video through the configured graph.
fal	Uses queue-backed flow for long-running jobs. Single image reference only.
Google	Uses Gemini/Veo. Supports one image or one video reference.
MiniMax	Single image reference only.
OpenAI	Only size override is forwarded. Other style overrides (aspectRatio, resolution, audio, watermark) are ignored with a warning.
Qwen	Same DashScope backend as Alibaba. Reference inputs must be remote http(s) URLs; local files are rejected upfront.
Runway	Supports local files via data URIs. Video-to-video requires runway/gen4_aleph. Text-only runs expose 16:9 and 9:16 aspect ratios.
Together	Single image reference only.
Vydra	Uses https://www.vydra.ai/api/v1 directly to avoid auth-dropping redirects. veo3 is bundled as text-to-video only; kling requires a remote image URL.
xAI	Supports text-to-video, image-to-video, and remote video edit/extend flows.

Provider capability modes

The shared video-generation contract now lets providers declare mode-specific capabilities instead of only flat aggregate limits. New provider implementations should prefer explicit mode blocks:

capabilities: {
  generate: {
    maxVideos: 1,
    maxDurationSeconds: 10,
    supportsResolution: true,
  },
  imageToVideo: {
    enabled: true,
    maxVideos: 1,
    maxInputImages: 1,
    maxDurationSeconds: 5,
  },
  videoToVideo: {
    enabled: true,
    maxVideos: 1,
    maxInputVideos: 1,
    maxDurationSeconds: 5,
  },
}

Flat aggregate fields such as maxInputImages and maxInputVideos are not enough to advertise transform-mode support. Providers should declare generate, imageToVideo, and videoToVideo explicitly so live tests, contract tests, and the shared video_generate tool can validate mode support deterministically.

Live tests

Opt-in live coverage for the shared bundled providers:

OPENCLAW_LIVE_TEST=1 pnpm test:live -- extensions/video-generation-providers.live.test.ts

Repo wrapper:

pnpm test:live:media video

This live file loads missing provider env vars from ~/.profile, prefers live/env API keys ahead of stored auth profiles by default, and runs the declared modes it can exercise safely with local media:

• generate for every provider in the sweep
• imageToVideo when capabilities.imageToVideo.enabled
• videoToVideo when capabilities.videoToVideo.enabled and the provider/model accepts buffer-backed local video input in the shared sweep

Today the shared videoToVideo live lane covers:

• runway only when you select runway/gen4_aleph

Configuration

Set the default video generation model in your OpenClaw config:

{
  agents: {
    defaults: {
      videoGenerationModel: {
        primary: "qwen/wan2.6-t2v",
        fallbacks: ["qwen/wan2.6-r2v-flash"],
      },
    },
  },
}

Or via the CLI:

openclaw config set agents.defaults.videoGenerationModel.primary "qwen/wan2.6-t2v"

Related

• Tools Overview
• Background Tasks -- task tracking for async video generation
• Alibaba Model Studio
• BytePlus
• ComfyUI
• fal
• Google (Gemini)
• MiniMax
• OpenAI
• Qwen
• Runway
• Together AI
• Vydra
• xAI
• Configuration Reference
• Models