fix(cron): prevent one-shot at jobs from re-firing on restart after skip/error (#13845) (#13878)

Co-authored-by: Tak Hoffman <781889+Takhoffman@users.noreply.github.com>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 
 ### Fixes
 
+- Cron: prevent one-shot `at` jobs from re-firing on gateway restart when previously skipped or errored. (#13845)
 - Discord: add exec approval cleanup option to delete DMs after approval/denial/timeout. (#13205) Thanks @thewilloftheshadow.
 - Sessions: prune stale entries, cap session store size, rotate large stores, accept duration/size thresholds, default to warn-only maintenance, and prune cron run sessions after retention windows. (#13083) Thanks @skyfallsin, @Glucksberg, @gumadeiras.
 - CI: Implement pipeline and workflow order. Thanks @quotentiroler.

src/cron/service.issue-regressions.test.ts

@@ -304,6 +304,99 @@ describe("Cron issue regressions", () => {
     await store.cleanup();
   });
 
+  it("#13845: one-shot job with lastStatus=skipped does not re-fire on restart", async () => {
+    const store = await makeStorePath();
+    const pastAt = Date.parse("2026-02-06T09:00:00.000Z");
+    // Simulate a one-shot job that was previously skipped (e.g. main session busy).
+    // On the old code, runMissedJobs only checked lastStatus === "ok", so a
+    // skipped job would pass through and fire again on every restart.
+    const skippedJob: CronJob = {
+      id: "oneshot-skipped",
+      name: "reminder",
+      enabled: true,
+      deleteAfterRun: true,
+      createdAtMs: pastAt - 60_000,
+      updatedAtMs: pastAt,
+      schedule: { kind: "at", at: new Date(pastAt).toISOString() },
+      sessionTarget: "main",
+      wakeMode: "now",
+      payload: { kind: "systemEvent", text: "⏰ Reminder" },
+      state: {
+        nextRunAtMs: pastAt,
+        lastStatus: "skipped",
+        lastRunAtMs: pastAt,
+      },
+    };
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      store.storePath,
+      JSON.stringify({ version: 1, jobs: [skippedJob] }, null, 2),
+      "utf-8",
+    );
+
+    const enqueueSystemEvent = vi.fn();
+    const cron = new CronService({
+      cronEnabled: true,
+      storePath: store.storePath,
+      log: noopLogger,
+      enqueueSystemEvent,
+      requestHeartbeatNow: vi.fn(),
+      runIsolatedAgentJob: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ status: "ok" }),
+    });
+
+    // start() calls runMissedJobs internally
+    await cron.start();
+
+    // The skipped one-shot job must NOT be re-enqueued
+    expect(enqueueSystemEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    cron.stop();
+    await store.cleanup();
+  });
+
+  it("#13845: one-shot job with lastStatus=error does not re-fire on restart", async () => {
+    const store = await makeStorePath();
+    const pastAt = Date.parse("2026-02-06T09:00:00.000Z");
+    const errorJob: CronJob = {
+      id: "oneshot-errored",
+      name: "reminder",
+      enabled: true,
+      deleteAfterRun: true,
+      createdAtMs: pastAt - 60_000,
+      updatedAtMs: pastAt,
+      schedule: { kind: "at", at: new Date(pastAt).toISOString() },
+      sessionTarget: "main",
+      wakeMode: "now",
+      payload: { kind: "systemEvent", text: "⏰ Reminder" },
+      state: {
+        nextRunAtMs: pastAt,
+        lastStatus: "error",
+        lastRunAtMs: pastAt,
+        lastError: "heartbeat failed",
+      },
+    };
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      store.storePath,
+      JSON.stringify({ version: 1, jobs: [errorJob] }, null, 2),
+      "utf-8",
+    );
+
+    const enqueueSystemEvent = vi.fn();
+    const cron = new CronService({
+      cronEnabled: true,
+      storePath: store.storePath,
+      log: noopLogger,
+      enqueueSystemEvent,
+      requestHeartbeatNow: vi.fn(),
+      runIsolatedAgentJob: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ status: "ok" }),
+    });
+
+    await cron.start();
+    expect(enqueueSystemEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    cron.stop();
+    await store.cleanup();
+  });
+
   it("records per-job start time and duration for batched due jobs", async () => {
     const store = await makeStorePath();
     const dueAt = Date.parse("2026-02-06T10:05:01.000Z");

src/cron/service/timer.ts

@@ -369,7 +369,10 @@ export async function runMissedJobs(state: CronServiceState) {
       return false;
     }
     const next = j.state.nextRunAtMs;
-    if (j.schedule.kind === "at" && j.state.lastStatus === "ok") {
+    if (j.schedule.kind === "at" && j.state.lastStatus) {
+      // Any terminal status (ok, error, skipped) means the job already
+      // ran at least once.  Don't re-fire it on restart — applyJobResult
+      // disables one-shot jobs, but guard here defensively (#13845).
       return false;
     }
     return typeof next === "number" && now >= next;