openclaw/docs/platforms/macos.md

---
summary: "OpenClaw macOS companion app (menu bar + gateway broker)"
read_when:
  - Implementing macOS app features
  - Changing gateway lifecycle or node bridging on macOS
title: "macOS app"
---

The macOS app is the **menu-bar companion** for OpenClaw. It owns permissions,
manages/attaches to the Gateway locally (launchd or manual), and exposes macOS
capabilities to the agent as a node.

## What it does

- Shows native notifications and status in the menu bar.
- Owns TCC prompts (Notifications, Accessibility, Screen Recording, Microphone,
  Speech Recognition, Automation/AppleScript).
- Runs or connects to the Gateway (local or remote).
- Exposes macOS-only tools (Canvas, Camera, Screen Recording, `system.run`).
- Starts the local node host service in **remote** mode (launchd), and stops it in **local** mode.
- Optionally hosts **PeekabooBridge** for UI automation.
- Installs the global CLI (`openclaw`) on request via npm, pnpm, or bun (the app prefers npm, then pnpm, then bun; Node remains the recommended Gateway runtime).

## Local vs remote mode

- **Local** (default): the app attaches to a running local Gateway if present;
  otherwise it enables the launchd service via `openclaw gateway install`.
- **Remote**: the app connects to a Gateway over SSH/Tailscale and never starts
  a local process.
  The app starts the local **node host service** so the remote Gateway can reach this Mac.
  The app does not spawn the Gateway as a child process.
  Gateway discovery now prefers Tailscale MagicDNS names over raw tailnet IPs,
  so the Mac app recovers more reliably when tailnet IPs change.

## Launchd control

The app manages a per-user LaunchAgent labeled `ai.openclaw.gateway`
(or `ai.openclaw.<profile>` when using `--profile`/`OPENCLAW_PROFILE`; legacy `com.openclaw.*` still unloads).

```bash
launchctl kickstart -k gui/$UID/ai.openclaw.gateway
launchctl bootout gui/$UID/ai.openclaw.gateway
```

Replace the label with `ai.openclaw.<profile>` when running a named profile.

If the LaunchAgent isn't installed, enable it from the app or run
`openclaw gateway install`.

## Node capabilities (mac)

The macOS app presents itself as a node. Common commands:

- Canvas: `canvas.present`, `canvas.navigate`, `canvas.eval`, `canvas.snapshot`, `canvas.a2ui.*`
- Camera: `camera.snap`, `camera.clip`
- Screen: `screen.snapshot`, `screen.record`
- System: `system.run`, `system.notify`

The node reports a `permissions` map so agents can decide what's allowed.

Node service + app IPC:

- When the headless node host service is running (remote mode), it connects to the Gateway WS as a node.
- `system.run` executes in the macOS app (UI/TCC context) over a local Unix socket; prompts + output stay in-app.

Diagram (SCI):

```
Gateway -> Node Service (WS)
                 |  IPC (UDS + token + HMAC + TTL)
                 v
             Mac App (UI + TCC + system.run)
```

## Exec approvals (system.run)

`system.run` is controlled by **Exec approvals** in the macOS app (Settings → Exec approvals).
Security + ask + allowlist are stored locally on the Mac in:

```
~/.openclaw/exec-approvals.json
```

Example:

```json
{
  "version": 1,
  "defaults": {
    "security": "deny",
    "ask": "on-miss"
  },
  "agents": {
    "main": {
      "security": "allowlist",
      "ask": "on-miss",
      "allowlist": [{ "pattern": "/opt/homebrew/bin/rg" }]
    }
  }
}
```

Notes:

- `allowlist` entries are glob patterns for resolved binary paths, or bare command names for PATH-invoked commands.
- Raw shell command text that contains shell control or expansion syntax (`&&`, `||`, `;`, `|`, `` ` ``, `$`, `<`, `>`, `(`, `)`) is treated as an allowlist miss and requires explicit approval (or allowlisting the shell binary).
- Choosing "Always Allow" in the prompt adds that command to the allowlist.
- `system.run` environment overrides are filtered (drops `PATH`, `DYLD_*`, `LD_*`, `NODE_OPTIONS`, `PYTHON*`, `PERL*`, `RUBYOPT`, `SHELLOPTS`, `PS4`) and then merged with the app's environment.
- For shell wrappers (`bash|sh|zsh ... -c/-lc`), request-scoped environment overrides are reduced to a small explicit allowlist (`TERM`, `LANG`, `LC_*`, `COLORTERM`, `NO_COLOR`, `FORCE_COLOR`).
- For allow-always decisions in allowlist mode, known dispatch wrappers (`env`, `nice`, `nohup`, `stdbuf`, `timeout`) persist inner executable paths instead of wrapper paths. If unwrapping is not safe, no allowlist entry is persisted automatically.

## Deep links

The app registers the `openclaw://` URL scheme for local actions.

### `openclaw://agent`

Triggers a Gateway `agent` request.

```bash
open 'openclaw://agent?message=Hello%20from%20deep%20link'
```

Query parameters:

- `message` (required)
- `sessionKey` (optional)
- `thinking` (optional)
- `deliver` / `to` / `channel` (optional)
- `timeoutSeconds` (optional)
- `key` (optional unattended mode key)

Safety:

- Without `key`, the app prompts for confirmation.
- Without `key`, the app enforces a short message limit for the confirmation prompt and ignores `deliver` / `to` / `channel`.
- With a valid `key`, the run is unattended (intended for personal automations).

## Onboarding flow (typical)

1. Install and launch **OpenClaw.app**.
2. Complete the permissions checklist (TCC prompts).
3. Ensure **Local** mode is active and the Gateway is running.
4. Install the CLI if you want terminal access.

## State dir placement (macOS)

Avoid putting your OpenClaw state dir in iCloud or other cloud-synced folders.
Sync-backed paths can add latency and occasionally cause file-lock/sync races for
sessions and credentials.

Prefer a local non-synced state path such as:

```bash
OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR=~/.openclaw
```

If `openclaw doctor` detects state under:

- `~/Library/Mobile Documents/com~apple~CloudDocs/...`
- `~/Library/CloudStorage/...`

it will warn and recommend moving back to a local path.

## Build and dev workflow (native)

- `cd apps/macos && swift build`
- `swift run OpenClaw` (or Xcode)
- Package app: `scripts/package-mac-app.sh`

## Debug gateway connectivity (macOS CLI)

Use the debug CLI to exercise the same Gateway WebSocket handshake and discovery
logic that the macOS app uses, without launching the app.

```bash
cd apps/macos
swift run openclaw-mac connect --json
swift run openclaw-mac discover --timeout 3000 --json
```

Connect options:

- `--url <ws://host:port>`: override config
- `--mode <local|remote>`: resolve from config (default: config or local)
- `--probe`: force a fresh health probe
- `--timeout <ms>`: request timeout (default: `15000`)
- `--json`: structured output for diffing

Discovery options:

- `--include-local`: include gateways that would be filtered as "local"
- `--timeout <ms>`: overall discovery window (default: `2000`)
- `--json`: structured output for diffing

<Tip>
Compare against `openclaw gateway discover --json` to see whether the macOS app's discovery pipeline (`local.` plus the configured wide-area domain, with wide-area and Tailscale Serve fallbacks) differs from the Node CLI's `dns-sd` based discovery.
</Tip>

## Remote connection plumbing (SSH tunnels)

When the macOS app runs in **Remote** mode, it opens an SSH tunnel so local UI
components can talk to a remote Gateway as if it were on localhost.

### Control tunnel (Gateway WebSocket port)

- **Purpose:** health checks, status, Web Chat, config, and other control-plane calls.
- **Local port:** the Gateway port (default `18789`), always stable.
- **Remote port:** the same Gateway port on the remote host.
- **Behavior:** no random local port; the app reuses an existing healthy tunnel
  or restarts it if needed.
- **SSH shape:** `ssh -N -L <local>:127.0.0.1:<remote>` with BatchMode +
  ExitOnForwardFailure + keepalive options.
- **IP reporting:** the SSH tunnel uses loopback, so the gateway will see the node
  IP as `127.0.0.1`. Use **Direct (ws/wss)** transport if you want the real client
  IP to appear (see [macOS remote access](/platforms/mac/remote)).

For setup steps, see [macOS remote access](/platforms/mac/remote). For protocol
details, see [Gateway protocol](/gateway/protocol).

## Related docs

- [Gateway runbook](/gateway)
- [Gateway (macOS)](/platforms/mac/bundled-gateway)
- [macOS permissions](/platforms/mac/permissions)
- [Canvas](/platforms/mac/canvas)